Issue 2 (45) ’ 2024

Issue 2 (45) ’ 2024

Obraz. – Issue 2 (45). – 2024

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Title: Rumor Generation and Spreading on WeChat and Facebook During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Author:

DOI:

 Sadivnycha Maryna, Hu Yawei

Obraz, 2024. Vol.2 (45). P. 6–15
https://doi.org/10.21272/Obraz.2024.2(45)-6-15

  • SADIVNYCHA Maryna, PhD (Journalism), email: [email protected].
    ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3943-763
    HU Yawei, master’s student, email: [email protected]; Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine.
    Introduction. Global social media users currently exceed 5 billion, more than half of the Earth’s population [1]. Every day social media users view and post various information, much of which is unverifed or outright false. Many rumors are spread on the platforms of world giants Facebook and WeChat. Moreover, although the platforms are making signifcant efforts to fght fakes and unverifed information, the spread of rumors is still a severe problem. It needs more active study and additional countermeasures.
    Relevance of the study. The period of COVID-19 pandemic is an indicative period for studying the causes and methods of spreading rumors on social media and the mechanisms that social media platforms use to counter the spread of rumors. Therefore, our article aims to determine the features of the spread of rumors on the Facebook and WeChat platforms and compare the mechanisms for countering the spread of false information.
    Methodology. The research involved a complex of general scientifc and special methods. We resorted to critical analysis of scientifc literature and data analysis from open sources. We also monitored the content of social media platforms Facebook and WeChat and carried out a comparative analysis of the ways of spreading rumors and countermeasures implemented by these social media platforms.
    Results. During the research, we established some features of the spread of rumors in the mentioned social networks related to the work of platform algorithms. We looked at the measures taken by two major social media platforms, WeChat and Facebook, to combat rumors during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was determined that both platforms use a set of measures to counter the spread of disinformation and fakes. Also, during the spread of COVID-19, Facebook and WeChat actively cooperated with global organizations in the healthcare feld, which contributed not only to countering the spread of rumors about the disease but also to the provision of operational information and public support.
    Conclusions. Even though both global social media giants have actively implemented measures to counter the spread of rumors during the COVID-19 pandemic, the problem of spreading false information on social media is still relevant. Considering the results of the study, we proposed our own set of measures aimed at checking facts and countering the spread of rumors in social media.
    Keywords. Social media platforms, Facebook, WeChat, rumors, fact-checking, COVID-19.

    The article has been sent to the editors 02.07.2024
    Recommended for publication 06.09.2024

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    24. Meta (2020), “Combating COVID-19 Misinformation Across Our Apps”, available at: https://about.fb.com/news/2020/03/combating-covid-19-misinformation/ (accessed 30.06.2024).
    25. Xu, H., Huang, S., Qiu, C., Liu, S., Deng, J., Jiao, B., Tan, X., Ai, L., Xiao, Y,, Belliato, M., Yan, L. (2020), “Monitoring and Management of Home-Quarantined Patients With COVID-19 Using a WeChat-Based Telemedicine System: Retrospective Cohort Study”. J Med Internet Res, vol. 22, no. 7.

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Title: Sumy’s media image (based on the material of the online edition “TSUKR”)
Author:

DOI:

 Chernysh Anna

Obraz, 2024. Vol.2 (45). P. 16–25
https://doi.org/10.21272/Obraz.2024.2(45)-16-25

  • CHERNYSH Anna, Dr. Sc. (Philology), Senior Lecturer, Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected]
    ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-7312
    Introduction. The media image of a city is determined by a set of mediatisation factors and a wide network of media that present it. The media image of a city is formed taking into account the city’s history, architecture, its “ knowability” by prominent fgures, places, brands, business strategies, commercial component, and public opinion.
    Relevance of the study. These components make it possible to conclude that the media play a major role in the life of an urban community. The analysis of the media content of regional media contributes to the formation of an idea of the image of the city as it appears to the recipients. The focus of scientifc interest is the Sumy online publication “Tsukr”, which content is of interest for establishing a positive media image of the city of Sumy.
    Methodology. The study used general scientifc methods of analysis and synthesis, systematisation and generalisation of material, content analysis, and some aspects of discursive and narrative methodology. The study is based on the principles of objectivity and academic integrity.
    Results. The media signifcantly form the images of different spaces. Media technologies (video, online spaces, regional and national media outlets, various advertising campaigns, etc.) and an active process of digitalisation are used to create images of cities, towns, and communities. The process of city mediatisation allows us to focus on the key factors of city image formation, which are components of geocultural and urban image studies, among which the most important are regional print and online media, a developed system of television and radio communication, historical and cultural presentation of the city in the media environment, as well as active
    processes of media convergence. The article focuses on the content of the Tsukr publication, which informs about events within a specifc locale/region/territory, is a common communication space for Sumy residents and a source of feedback between them.
    Conclusions. The analysis of the content of the regional online publication “Tsukr” proves that it is one of the most influential media outlets in Sumy, which actively generates the image of a successful, economically strong, prosperous, cultural city.
    Keywords: city, city image, Tsukr, communication, online publication, media, media culture.

    The article has been sent to the editors 02.07.2024
    Recommended for publication 06.09.2024

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Title: Russian information war against Ukraine 2014-2024 as a subject of scientific studies: the concept of “information violence”
Author:

DOI:

 Vеrkhovtsevа Іrynа

Obraz, 2024. Vol.2 (45). P. 26–35
https://doi.org/10.21272/Obraz.2024.2(45)-26-35

  • VЕRKHOVTSEVА Іrynа, D.Sc. (History), State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected]
    ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5682-993X
    The relevance of the study is due to the need to analyze the state of understanding of the phenomenon of information violence by domestic scholars in the context of studying the Russian information war against Ukraine in 2014-2024. Since the beginning of a full-scale war against our country in 2022, the world has seen how the production and dissemination of disinformation narratives can prepare the information base for the destruction of a country and the genocide of its inhabitants. This calls for attention to the methodological aspects of studying information violence as a component of the Russian-Ukrainian confrontation.
    The purpose of the study is to determine the state of scientific study of the phenomenon of information violence and the specifics of applying the relevant concept as a methodological tool in the context of studying the Russian information war against Ukraine in 2014-2024.
    The research methodology, in addition to general scientific methods (logical, induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis), included special methods: narrative, structural and functional analysis, generalization, and case method, which contributed to the understanding of theoretical and practical approaches to studying the phenomenon of information violence and the specifics of the application of the relevant concept.
    Conclusions and Prospects. The phenomenon of information violence in the framework of the study of the Russian information war against Ukraine in 2014-2024 is comprehended by domestic scholars in theoretical and practical aspects using the relevant concept. In the theoretical aspect, this phenomenon is defined as a targeted non-forceful influence on the mental sphere associated with information manipulation, which violates the information freedom of the target and may cause harm to its life or health. In the analysis of the practical aspects of information violence, it includes disinformation, hostile propaganda, and manipulation of the consciousness of the masses, which are essentially considered as types of information violence. At the same time, in cases where authors do not use the concept of «information violence,» these phenomena usually correspond to the characteristics of information violence. This necessitates a wider application of the concept of «information violence» as a methodological tool for studying the Russian-Ukrainian information confrontation. A detailed examination of its cases in order to identify the relevant information and violent component and to study the impact of the mass communication component of information violence in the context of studying Russian information invasion of the Ukrainian information space has considerable research potential in this context.
    Keywords: Russian information war against Ukraine in 2014-2024, the concept of «information violence».

    The article has been sent to the editors 02.07.2024
    Recommended for publication 06.09.2024

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Title: Russian invasion of Ukraine in the Italian media coverage
Author:

DOI:

 Simashova Anastasiia

Obraz, 2024. Vol.2 (45). P. 36–47
https://doi.org/10.21272/Obraz.2024.2(45)-36-47

  • Simashova Anastasiia, PhD (Social Communication), Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohienko National University, Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected].
    ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4235-7238
    Introduction. Since the beginning of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Italy, which has long had close economic, political and cultural ties with Russia, has found itself in a situation of some social and political imbalance. The presence of different, even opposing, views was reflected in the media: some publications have adopted an openly pro-Ukrainian position, while others have taken an openly anti-NATO position, if not openly pro-Russian, providing information about the causes, course and possible solutions to the war in accordance with these positions.
    Relevance and purpose. The relevance of the study lies in the need to research the narratives of the Italian press about the Russian-Ukrainian war. The purpose of the article is to outline the vision of the Russian-Ukrainian war in one of the leading Italian newspapers “La Repubblica”.
    The research methodology involves a quantitative and qualitative content analysis of the publications of the website and the archive of issues of “La Repubblica” in the period from 24.02.2022 to 1.05.2022. The systematisation method allowed to systematise the results obtained during the automated research, the generalisation method – to draw conclusions of research.
    Results. A qualitative analysis of publications shows that news reports related to Ukraine on the La Repubblica website since the beginning of the Russian invasion have been published in a separate daily publication “The Russia-Ukraine War, News for [date]”. The total number of mentions in the publications using the keyword “war Ukraine” using the automatic search is 7,767 mentions. The most frequently used phrases were selected from this array and grouped into 8 thematic blocks: “Zelenskyy”, “refugees”, “Mariupol”, “Russian troops”, “Bucha”. It has been found that only a small proportion of publications on the pages and website of “La Repubblica” contain the terms “Nazis” and “neo-Nazis”.
    Conclusions. Based on the data processing results, it was found that the Italian newspaper “La Repubblica” covers information about the Russian-Ukrainian war using frames of a war for democratic values, where Ukraine and its population is considered to be a victim of unmotivated aggression of Russia Federation, and Ukrainian politicians are portrayed as new symbols of humanistic values. There is an attempt to avoid focusing on acute issues related to Ukraine or internal Ukrainian politics, which can be partially defined as “pro-Ukrainian” propaganda. The findings are important for the inclusion of Italian media in the broader framework of European media coverage of the Russian-Ukrainian war.
    Keywords: Russian-Ukrainian war; Italian media; refugees; Zelenskyi; propaganda.

    The article has been sent to the editors 19.02.2024
    Recommended for publication 06.09.2024

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Title: The Blogosphere of Ukraine: Content Analysis of the Anti-Vaccine Campaign During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Author:

DOI:

 Shevchenko Viktoriya, Zubar Petro

Obraz, 2024. Vol.2 (45). P. 48–59
https://doi.org/10.21272/Obraz.2024.2(45)-48-59

  • Shevchenko Viktoriya, D.Sc. (Social Communication), professor, e-mail: [email protected];
    ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1642-1283
    Zubar Petro, PhD student, e-mail: [email protected].
    ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1538-8218
    Educational and Scientific Institute of Journalism, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine.
    Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a surge in existing anti-vaccine sentiments in Ukraine, posing a threat to public health. This study aims to analyze the anti-vaccine campaign in the Ukrainian blogosphere, which intensified during the pandemic and coalesced around issues related to the coronavirus.
    Relevance of the study. The relevance of the study is determined by the increasing popularity of anti-vaccine sentiments in Ukraine, which are facilitated by the growing influence of the blogosphere as a powerful channel for disseminating destructive content. The study aims to identify the key categories that bloggers appealed to while conducting the campaign against vaccination for coronavirus disease in Ukraine during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    Methodology. To determine the most influential representatives of the anti-vaccine movement in Ukraine, a media monitoring was conducted focusing on the exposure of fakes and misinformation regarding COVID-19. A list of the channels of the most popular Ukrainian bloggers who are corona-skeptics and opponents of vaccination was compiled. Subsequently, 232 videos published on these bloggers’ channels were studied. The content analysis method was applied to identify the key messages and calls used by vaccination opponents.
    Results. The most popular representatives of the anti-vaccine movement in Ukraine were found to be lawyers, pseudo-experts, citizen journalists, and proponents of conspiracy theories. The media activity of anti-vaccination bloggers was recorded throughout the entire pandemic of the coronavirus disease in Ukraine and for some time after its end. The chronology and reasons for the main surges in their activity and audience interest are revealed. The study identified the most common categories appealed to by bloggers in the anti-vaccination campaign, as well as their calls to action and objects of their criticism.
    Conclusions. The study demonstrates that Ukrainian vaccination opponents politicize vaccination issues, actively using conspiratorial rhetoric. The key categories of coronaskeptics bloggers’ messages include violations of rights (both fundamental rights and rights to work, choice, etc.), safety (of vaccines or the disease itself), conspiracy theories and moral. The most popular appeal of vaccination opponents is to “think critically” and not comply with requirements related to vaccination or quarantine restrictions. The main objects of criticism are authorities, various institutions, and the media. Further investigation into the discursive strategies of anti-vaccine campaigns will contribute to the formation of an effective counter-narrative.
    Keywords: Blogging, misinformation, conspiracy theory, anti-vaccine campaign, content analysis, COVID-19, information campaigns.

    The article has been sent to the editors 02.07.2024
    Recommended for publication 06.09.2024

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Title: Fashion issues in the columns of the magazine «Selianka Ukrainy» / «Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy» (1924–1941)
Author:

DOI:

 Astaptseva Khrystyna

Obraz, 2024. Vol.2 (45). P. 60–77
https://doi.org/10.21272/Obraz.2024.2(45)-60-77

  • Astaptseva Khrystyna, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Journalism, Cassation Administrative Court within the Supreme Court, Kyiv, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected].
    ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1578-5747
    Introduction. The invasion of Ukraine by an aggressor country has emphasized the importance of Ukrainian identity and prompted a reassessment of Soviet Ukrainian fashion journalism, highlighting its distinctiveness and value globally.
    Relevance of the study. This article examines Soviet women’s press, focusing on fashion, through Ukrainocentric and anti-Bolshevik perspectives. It aims to showcase Ukrainian fashion journalism during the early years of totalitarianism using «Selianka Ukrainy» / «Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy» [«Peasant woman of Ukraine» / «Collective farmer of Ukraine»] as an example and identify unique features in fashion media.
    Methodology. The study analyzes «Selianka Ukrainy» / «Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy» from 1924 to 1941 using historicism, systematicity, socio-cultural analysis, and historical-anthropological approaches.
    Results. It has been investigated that materials on fashion in «Selianka Ukrainy» / «Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy» from 1924 to 1941 (52 issues out of 407) were categorized into genres including photo reports, articles, reviews, and practical guides. Topics covered: (1) standards of female beauty in the Ukrainian SSR; (2) handicraft production of clothing/fabrics; (3) clothing models and their manufacturing technology; (4) advice on dressing and caring for clothing; (5) cutting and sewing guides; (6) industrial clothing / fabric production; (7) propaganda of totalitarian fashion; (8) advertising of sewing equipment; (9) schemes for manual embellishment of clothing; (10) schools / courses of cutting and sewing.
    Conclusions. The peculiarities of fashion coverage in «Selianka Ukrainy» / «Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy» during the period of indigenization, collectivization, and at the beginning of World War II have been clarified. It has been revealed that despite «Selianka Ukrainy» / «Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy» primarily being a party tribune and the most ideologically engaged magazine among other press publications for women in Soviet Ukraine, the fashion issue aimed at the readership of rural areas was covered in small concentrations and filtered through the Bolshevik censorship in the columns of the magazine.
    Keywords: women’s periodical of the Ukrainian SSR, magazine «Selianka Ukrainy» [«Peasant woman of Ukraine»], magazine «Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy» [«Collective farmer of Ukraine»], fashion journalism 1924–1941, interwar fashion.

    The article has been sent to the editors 21.02.2024
    Recommended for publication 06.09.2024

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    57. Sutyrin (1936), «Comrade Fesenko chooses a store in the silk department of the Kharkiv department store of the People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs» : [Soyuzphoto photochronicle], Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy [Collective farmer of Ukraine], no. 22, pp. 11.
    58. «[Schemes, ornaments, compositions for embroidery]» (1926), Selianka Ukrainy [Peasant woman of Ukraine], no. 11, pp. 23.
    59. «Weaving workshop [p. Reshetylivka Poltava region]» (1926), Selianka Ukrainy [Peasant woman of Ukraine], 1926, no. 11, pp. 13.
    60. Topolnytska, M. (1937), «Blooming life: [about the sale of wheat by collective farms]», Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy [Collective farmer of Ukraine], no. 17, pp. 7–8.
    61. «Participants of the republican women’s youth meeting» : [photo] (1935), Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy [Collective farmer of Ukraine], no. 21, pp. 12.
    62. Fabisovych (1937), «Spanish writer María Teresa León» : [photo portrait], Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy [Collective farmer of Ukraine], 1937, no. 7–8, pp. 33.
    63. «Style and patterns of children’s dresses and women’s blouses» (1936), Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy [Collective farmer of Ukraine], no. 12, pp. 18.
    64. Khamedova, O. (2019), «The problem of professional discrimination against women in the Ukrainian press in the 1920s and 1930s», Naukovyi visnyk Uzhhorodskoho universytetu. Seriia : Filolohiia [Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod University. Series: Philology], iss. 2, pp. 228–234, available at: http://visnyk-philology.uzhnu.edu.ua/article/view/194673/194878 (access date: 02/10/2024).
    65. «Sewing machines for working women through savings banks» : [advertising notice] (1931), Selianka Ukrainy [Peasant woman of Ukraine], no. 1, pp. 22.
    66. Shmulevych (1936), «The manager of the dairy collective farm Balaush O. is the best dancer» : [photo chronicle Pressphoto], Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy [Collective farmer of Ukraine], no. 9, pp. 6.
    67. Shuander, R. (1925), «How we sew clothes : [m. Kharkiv, Sewing factory named after Comrade Tyniakov]», Selianka Ukrainy [Peasant woman of Ukraine], no. 12, pp. 11–12.
    68. Yu.S. (1929), «Kameneva, M. – «Clothes, how to cut and sew them»»: [review of a practical guide], Selianka Ukrainy [Peasant woman of Ukraine], no. 3, pp. 22.
    69. «How to care for knitted clothes» (1937), Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy [Collective farmer of Ukraine], no. 6, pp. 19–20.
    70. «How to sew a blouse: explanation of the pattern» (1927), Selianka Ukrainy [Peasant woman of Ukraine], no. 4, pp. 22.
    71. «What are the seams?» (1928), Selianka Ukrainy [Peasant woman of Ukraine], no. 12, pp. 19.

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Title: Structural and content features of the informational and methodological bulletin «Rada»
Author:

DOI:

 Horokhovianko Iryna

Obraz, 2024. Vol.2 (45). P. 78–85
https://doi.org/10.21272/Obraz.2024.2(45)-78-85

  • Horokhovianko Iryna, PhD Student, Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ternopil, Ukraine, е-mail: [email protected]
    ORCID – 0009-0006-8544-5245
    Introduction. Periodicals of Ukraine requires a detailed scientific study, especially local editions of the period of Independence. The informative and methodical newsletter of the Ternopil Regional Council “Rada” is an extraordinary representative of local periodicals.
    Relevance and purpose. The relevance of the research is determined by the lack of scientific studies of periodicals of the Ternopil region. The purpose of the article is to characterize the structural and content features of the informational and methodical bulletin “Rada” as a representative of the local press.
    Novelty. The novelty is that the “Rada” bulletin is described according to the typology of periodicals and from the point of view of the structural and content organization of the magazine for the first time.
    Methodology. Theoretical sources have been studied using methods of analysis and synthesis. Quantitative and qualitative analysis was used to process the issues of the magazine. The classification features of the gazetteer have been outlined on the basis of a sequential sample. Content analysis, methods of classification and theoretical generalization have been used to describe the collected material.
    Results. It has been found out that according to typological features, the Rada newspaper is a text printed magazine periodical, original and monolingual, of official, socio-political and industrial-practical purpose. In accordance with self-positioning, it contains informational materials on various topics and methodological developments in the field of public administration for 2002–2013. The rubric system is subordinated to the communicative strategy of the publication. The author’s diagram reflects their frequency and ratio for the entire time of publication of the gazette and demonstrates a balanced presentation of various thematic materials. Publications of state-building, social, legal, economic, historical, and cultural topics occupy a significant place in the content structure of the publication.
    Conclusions. Theoretical sources have been studied using methods of analysis and synthesis. Quantitative and qualitative analysis was used to process the issues of the magazine. The classification features of the gazetteer have been outlined based on a sequential sample. Content analysis, methods of classification and theoretical generalization have been used to describe the collected material.
    Keywords: magazine periodicals, regional media, local media, state media, informational and methodical bulletin, classification.

    The article has been sent to the editors 01.06.2024
    Recommended for publication 06.09.2024

    1. Vilchynskyi, O. (2016). Press of Ternopil region 1985–1991 years: structural and content aspect: monograph. TNPU, Ternopil, 159 p.
    2. Dashchenko, N. (2021). “Language of the internet version of the regional newspaper: fact and image balance (on the material of the publication («Vilne Zhyttia +»)”, Linhvistychni studiyi [Linguistic Studies], Vasyl’ Stus DonNU, Vinnytsia, iss. 42, pp. 156–164.
    3. The State Committee for Technical Regulation and Consumer Policy of Ukraine (2015), DSTU 3017 :2015 : Editions. Main Types. Terms and Definition, Kyiv, 2016, 26 p.
    4. Kushnir, O. (2019). “Social reforms in Ternopil online editions of «Teren» and «20 khvylyn»: medical and educational topics”, Visnyk Lviv University, Seriya: Zhurnalistyka [Series: Journalism], no. 46, pp. 83–91.
    5. Marushkina, I. & Tanchyn, I. (2013). “Regional Mass Media In The Era Of New Media Communication”, Visnyk Lviv University, Series: Zhurnalistyka [Series: Journalism], iss. 38, pp. 503–508.
    6. Mudra, I. & Kitsa, M. (2018). “Evolution of Ukrainian women’s magazines”, Molodyy vchenyy, Seriya: Zhurnalistyka [Young Scientist, Series: Journalism], iss.6 (58), pp. 45–49.
    7. Peleshok, O. (2022). Local narrative of the Ternopil Region district press of the early 21st century. [Unpublished dissertation for the degree of PhD]. Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ternopil, 257 p.
    8. About the printed mass media (press) in Ukraine: The Law of Ukraine. 16 November 1992, no 2783-XII. available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2782-12?find=1&text=%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD#w1_1 (accessed: 30, June 2024).
    9. About the media: The Law of Ukraine, 11 February.2024. no 47-50. 120 p. available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2849-20#Text (accessed: 30 June 2024).
    10. About the editorial freedom of the state and communal press in the process of denationalization. Draft Law of Ukraine, 22 December 2010, no 7501, available at: https://ips.ligazakon.net/document/JF5SD00A?an=33 (accessed: 30 April 2024).
    11. On reforming state and communal print media, The Law of Ukraine, 24 December 2015, no 3, 34 p., available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/917-19#Text (accessed: 17 June 2024).
    12. Rada: informational and methodological bulletin of the Ternopil Regional Council, (2002–2013), Halas, Ternopil, No 1–137.
    13. Reshetukha, T. & Kushnir, O. (2022). “Infographics as a means of visualization in the regional printed press(on the materials of ternopil editions)”, Ukrayins’kyy informatsiynyy prostir [Ukrainian Information Space], iss. 2 (10), pp. 250–266.
    14. Rusyniak, A. (2020). “Regional media in the process of democratic transformations in Ukraine: specifics and problem dimension”, Politicus, no 6, pp. 51–57.
    15. Kharytonenko, E. (2012) “A newspaper heading in the history and modernity: functions, types, traditions of design”, Derzhava ta rehiony. Seriya: Sotsialni komunikatsiyi [State and regions, Series: Social Communications], no 3 (11). pp. 101–106.

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Title: «The Call of the Ukraine» (1941–1942): shaping the image of Ukraine in the information space of East Asia
Author:

DOI:

 Drozdovska Olesia

Obraz, 2024. Vol.2 (45). P. 86–95
https://doi.org/10.21272/Obraz.2024.2(45)-86-95

  • Drozdovska Olesia, PhD (Philologi), Senior Research Fellow, Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected].
    ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6687-4518
    Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the attempts of the founders of the Ukrainian newspaper The Call of the Ukraine (Shanghai, 1941-1942) to form the image of Ukraine in the English-speaking information space of East Asia. The article examines the features of the presentation of Ukraine and the Ukrainian idea by the authors of this periodical.
    Relevance of the study. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that the Ukrainian foreign-language press, which was published outside the Ukrainian lands in the first half of the 20th century, still remains outside the active scientific discourse. The purpose of the article is to study the content of the newspaper The Call of the Ukraine as a promoter of Ukraine and a presenter of the aspirations and goals of the Ukrainian people in the English-speaking environment of East Asia.
    Methodology. In order to study the problem, a set of general scientific and special research methods (historical and bibliographic method, historiographic, comparative, textual analysis, content analysis, etc.).
    The results. It was found that the materials published in The Call of the Ukraine were aimed at forming the image of Ukraine as an independent (spiritually, politically, economically) state, as a subject of international relations, and Ukrainians as a self-sufficient nation with a rich historical past in the English-speaking environment of East Asia. The authors of the periodical emphasised the struggle of the Ukrainian nation for independence and the historical mission of the Ukrainian people in Eastern Europe.
    Conclusions. The Call of the Ukraine is a short-term Ukrainian press project. The main task of this periodical is to present Ukraine in the English-speaking information field of Shanghai and East Asia in general. The study found that the texts published in the periodical are divided into six conditional groups according to their thematic focus: 1) the system of values of the Ukrainian people and its historical past; 2) political and social relations of Ukrainians with other nations; 3) economic potential of Ukraine; 4) crimes against humanity of the Russian communist regime on the territory of Ukraine; 5) the situation on Ukrainian lands in the realities of the German-Soviet war; 6) life of Ukrainian communities in Harbin and Shanghai. The results obtained are important for further research on the Ukrainian press in China in the first half of the twentieth century.
    Keywords: Shanghai, information space, Ukrainian press, Ukrainian diaspora, The Call of the Ukraine, image of Ukraine, Serhiy Vasyliyiv, Roman Korda-Fedoriv, Mykhailo Milko.

    The article has been sent to the editors 26.06.2024
    Recommended for publication 06.09.2024

    1. Blavatskyi,S. (2014), “The Ukrainian English-language periodicals of Europe (1919–1923): a transnational comparative analysis”, Zbirnyk prats Naukovo-doslidnoho instytutu presoznavstva [Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals], vol. 4(22), pp. 33–50, available at: https://www.lsl.lviv.ua/wp-content/uploads/Zb/NDI2014/JRN/PDF/5.pdf (accessed 12 June 2024).
    2. Blavatskyi, S. (2013), “The Ukrainian French-language periodicals of Europe of national liberation movement era: identification, systematization, classification”, Zbirnyk prats Naukovo-doslidnoho instytutu presoznavstva [Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals], vol.3(21), pp. 88–119, available at: https://www.lsl.lviv.ua/index.php/uk/fahovi-vydannya/zbirnyk-prats-ndi-presoznavstva/zb2013/ (accessed 12 June 2024).
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    5. Kulesha, N. (2018), “The magazine Die Ukraine (Berlin, 1918–1926): Ukrainian question in the discourse of German supporters of Ukraine”, Zbirnyk prats Naukovo-doslidnoho instytutu presoznavstva [Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals], 8(26), pp. 118–149, available at: https://www.lsl.lviv.ua/index.php/uk/fahovi-vydannya/zbirnyk-prats-ndi-presoznavstva/zb2018/zb2018kuleshan/ (accessed 12 June 2024).
    6. Kulesha, N. (2013), “Newspaper L’Ukraine (1915–1921) of Lausanne: «the only platform outside the central states from which foreigners may be informed of the Ukrainian political liberation movement”, Zbirnyk prats Naukovo-doslidnoho instytutu presoznavstva [Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals], vol. 3(21), pp. 42–56, available at: https://www.lsl.lviv.ua/wp-content/uploads/Zb/NDI2013/JRN/PDF/5.pdf (accessed 9 June 2024).
    7. Kulesha, N. (2009), “German speaking periodicals of the Ukrainian emigration in Germany in 1920–1940th”, Zbirnyk prats Naukovo-doslidnoho tsentru periodyky [Proceedings of Research and Scientific Center for Periodicals], vol. 1(17), pp. 86–100, available at: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/ZPNDZP_2009_1_8 (accessed 12 June 2024).
    8. Kulesha, N. (2011), “Media of the Union for the Liberation of Ukraine in foreign languages (1914–1917)”, Zbirnyk prats Naukovo-doslidnoho instytutu presoznavstva [Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals], vol. 1(19), pp. 11–27, available at: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/ZPNDZP_2011_1_4 (accessed 12 June 2024).
    9. Kulesha, N. (2020), “Ukrainische Korrespondenz (Vienna, 1917–1918) about the Ukrainian revolution: sources of information and specifics of content”, Zbirnyk prats Naukovo-doslidnoho instytutu presoznavstva [Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals], vol. 10(28), pp. 146–164. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37222/2524-0331-2020-10(28)-10.
    10. Kupecyj, Hr. (1988), Place where the Sun is Rising: Reminiscens of a fighter of the OUN in the Far East, Toronto, 500 p.
    11. Chornomaz, V. A. (Comp.) (2021), Ukrainians in China (first half of the 20th century): an Encyclopaedic Reference Book, Helvetyka, Odesa, 634 p.
    12. Khomenko, О. (2021), The Far Eastern Odyssey of Ivan Svit, Kyiv; New-York, 584 p.
    13. Chornomaz, (2017), Ukrainians in Shanghai (first half of the 20th century), Znannia Ukrainy, Kyiv, pp. 52–55.
    14. “A lecture has been held in Shanghai…” (1941), The Call of the Ukraine, 4, p. 4.
    15. Blavatskyy, S. (2023), “Constructing Victimization Grand-Narrative in the Ukrainian Foreign-Language Press (1901–1926)”, Media History, vol. 29, iss. 2, pp. 193–210, available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/13688804.2022.2057284 (accessed 12 June 2024).
    16. Blavatskyy, (2021), “Mapping the Ukrainian Foreign-language Press in Europe during the Ukrainian Revolution (1917–1921) in Western and Ukrainian Archives and Libraries”, Slavic & East European Information Resources, vol. 22, iss. 2, pp. 147–169, available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/15228886.2021.1917064 (accessed 12 June 2024).
    17. “Coming Year” (1941), The Call of the Ukraine, 6, p. 3.
    18. “Foreign Press in the Ukraine” (1941), The Call of the Ukraine, 4, p. 4.
    19. Korda, R. (1942), “The Call of the Ukraine”, The Call of the Ukraine, 1, p. 1.
    20. Korda, R. (1941), “The End of the Polish Legend”, The Call of the Ukraine, 4, pp. 1–2.
    21. Korda, R. (1941), “The Jewish Problem in the Ukraine”, The Call of the Ukraine, 2, p. 3.
    22. Korda, R. (1941), “Ukrainians and actual politics”, The Call of the Ukraine, 7, p. 4.
    23. Korda, R. (1941), “What Must the Japanese Know about the Ukrainians?”, The Call of the Ukraine, 3, p. 4.
    24. “Living Area and Population of the Ukraine” (1941), The Call of the Ukraine, 1, p. 3.
    25. Milko, M. (1941), “Regarding the German-Ukrainian Relations”, The Call of the Ukraine, 1, pp. 1–2.
    26. “Regarding the Russian Question” (1941), The Call of the Ukraine, 2, pp. 1–2.
    27. Severin (1941), “Capture of Kiev and the Foreign Press”, The Call of the Ukraine, no. 5, p. 3.

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Title: Functions and Problems of the Modern Ukrainian Literary Contests
Author:

DOI:

 Bondar Olha

Obraz, 2024. Vol.2 (45). P. 96–103
https://doi.org/10.21272/Obraz.2024.2(45)-96-103

  • Bondar Olha, PhD student, Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected]
    ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5608-1853
    Introduction. The basic functions and problems of the modern Ukrainian literary contests were drafted in this article. In Ukraine, the literary contests emerged in 1990th out of necessity to fill the national book market with books, written in the Ukrainian language. In the Ukrainian scientific discourse, they are still considered an advertising tool.
    Relevance and goal. Since one function of the literary contests gets too much attention, while the others are ignored, that negatively affects its institutional stability. This explains the importance of paying attention to the other different functions, the complex of which supplies institutional stability in crisis periods. This study’s purpose is to outline the functions of modern Ukrainian literary contests and the main problems affecting their institutional stability.
    Methodology. The results of the survey of the Ukrainian authors served as source data. Their answers were analyzed and systemized by statistical and content analysis methods.
    The results. The results show that the literary contests as an institution, except for the informational and advertising functions, perform expressive and motivational functions. The literary contests can also form reading preferences, provide communications, and monitor the book market trends. There are unique functions that belong only to the literary contests whose subject of evaluation is unpublished works. As was found, they work as a mediator between authors and publishers, as literary agencies do. They also support the Ukrainian language by establishing strict language requirements for submitted works. Determined three groups of problems of literary contests that stop the development of their functions: 1) the problems related to organizing processes; 2) the problems related to judges; 3) the problems, which are not under the control of the institution.
    Conclusions. Literary contests as an institution must maintain many different functions that are still not studied enough on the theoretical level. Their functions are also implemented not sufficiently on the practical level, which caused the institutional instability of the literary contests.
    Keywords: literary contest, functions of literary contest, disfunctions of literary contest, institutional stability.

    The article has been sent to the editors 01.07.2024
    Recommended for publication 06.09.2024

    1. Dane, A. (2020), “Hierarchies of Legitimacy: Gender and Literary Prizes”, In A. Dane, Gender and Prestige in Literature, Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, pp.123–176. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49142-0_5
    2. Demoor, M., Saeys, F., & Lievens, S. (2008), “And the winner is? Researching the relationship between gender and literary awards in Flanders, 1981–2000”. Journal of Gender Studies, vol. 17(1), pp. 27–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09589230701838370
    3. Sapiro, G. (2016), “The metamorphosis of modes of consecration in the literary field: Academies, literary prizes, festivals”, Poetics, vol. 59, pp. 5–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2016.01.003
    4. Antonyk, O., & Zholdak, О. (2014), “Bоок competitions as mean activations of demand on book products”, Polighrafija i Vydavnycha Sprava [Printing and Publishing], 3, pp. 73–81.
    5. Bondar, О. (2019), “Concept ‘literary prize’: problems of description”, Polighrafija i Vydavnycha Sprava [Printing and Publishing], 2(78), pp. 117–125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32403/0554-4866-2019-2-78-117-125
    6. Herasymenko N. Popular literature of the end of the XX-th – the beginning of the XXI-th century, Dzhura, Ternopil, 264 p.
    7. Zhulynskyi M. (2019), “Triumph of a Ukrainian word”, in Koronatsiya slova : scientific and reference edition, Svit Uspikhu, Kyiv, p. 18.
    8. Kopystynska, I. M., & Grynivskyi, T. S. (2015), “Book’s publishing promotion ways: the experience of independent Ukraine”, Naukovi Praci. Serija: Socialjni Komunikaciji [Scientific Works. Serie: Social Communications], vol.1(50), pp. 37–46.
    9. Liebiedieva Y. (2019), “Russia’s hybrid warfare against Ukraine in 1917–1921 and 2014–2019 and Ukrainian governments’ activities for overcoming the results of the aggression”, Ukrajinoznavstvo [Ukrainian Studies], vol. 2(71). pp. 57–72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.2(71).2019.171753
    10. Logush, T., & Logush, Y. (2019), “The 20th anniversary of the ‘third wave’ of modern Ukrainian literature”, in Koronatsiya slova : scientific and reference edition, Svit Uspikhu, Kyiv, pp. 20–31.
    11. Masyk, M., & Klymenko, O. (2022) “Theoretical fundamentals of research of institutional resistance problems in interdisciplinary discourse”, Vcheni zapysky TNU imeni V. I. Vernadsjkogho. Serija: Publichne upravlinnja ta administruvannja [Scientific Notes of Taurida National V. I. Vernadsky University. Series: Public Management and Administration], pp. 53–58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32782/TNU-2663-6468/2022.5/09
    12. Mykolaienko, А. (2014), “Smoloskyp” as a center of self-realization of modern creative youth”, Dialogh: Media-Studiji [Dialogue: Media Studies], 18–19, pp. 492–502.
    13. Ohar, E. (2011), “Literary and publishing contests in the promotion of children’s books”, Naukovi praci Kam’janecj-Podiljsjkogho nacionaljnogho universytetu imeni Ivana Oghijenka: Filologhichni nauky [The research papers of Kamianets-Podilskyi National Ivan Ohiienko University: philological studies], vol. pp. 233–236.
    14. Rodyk, K. (2019), Sisyphus XX: book vs politics, Baltija-Druk, Kyiv, 352
    15. SMOLOSKYP (2024), “Conditions of participation”, available at: http://www.smoloskyp.org.ua/umovy-uchasti/ (last visited 28 June 2024).
    16. Khmil-Chupryna, V. (2020). Popularization of reading literature in Ukrainian mass media, PhD diss. (hist. sci.), Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Dnipro, 202

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Title: Untersuchung der Informationskomponente des russisch-ukrainischen Krieges
Author:

DOI:

 Novikova Olena

Obraz, 2024. Vol.2 (45). P. 104–105
https://doi.org/10.21272/Obraz.2024.2(45)-104-105

  • Novikova Olena,
    Dr., Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, München, Deutschland, e-mail: [email protected]
    ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5608-1853
    Rezension der Monografie
    Im Verlag der Staatlichen Universität Sumy (Ukraine) ist die Monografie «Ukrainische Informationssicherheit: Der philologische Aspekt» erschienen, die von Wissenschaftlern aus der Ukraine und Deutschland verfasst wurde. Die Autoren untersuchen die Informationskomponente des russisch-ukrainischen Krieges und reflektieren über die Informationssicherheit in der modernen Gesellschaft als Gegengewicht zur Informationsinvasion, die bewaffnete Aggression, Völkermord und andere Formen der Gewalt einleitet und begleitet sowie die Demokratie untergräbt. Sie diskutieren die Möglichkeiten, Desinformation, Propaganda und verschwörungstheoretischen Informationskampagnen entgegenzuwirken, und suchen nach historischen Parallelen.

    1. 1. Ukrainian_lnformation_Security: Philological Component : monograph / I. Zhilenko, etc. ; Under the general editorship V. Sadivnychyi. – Sumy : Sumy State University, 2024. – 180 p. URL: https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/bitstream-download/123456789/96179/3/Ukrainian_Information_Security_Philological_Component_monograph.pdf.

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Title: Recenzia monografie „Ukrajinská informačná bezpečnosť: Filologická zložka“
Author:

DOI:

 Amir Adriana

Obraz, 2024. Vol.2 (45). P. 106–107
https://doi.org/10.21272/Obraz.2024.2(45)-106-107

  • Amir Adriana,
    PhD, Inštitút ukrajinistiky, Prešovská univerzita, Prešov, Slovensko
    ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5608-1853
    Monografia „Ukrajinská informačná bezpečnosť: Filologická zložka“ [1 ; 2] predstavuje jedinečný príspevok k výskumu informačnej bezpečnosti v kontexte súčasného geopolitického konfliktu medzi Ruskom a Ukrajinou. Vedecký tím z Katedry žurnalistiky a filológie Sumskej štátnej univerzity (Iryna Žylenko, Alla Jarova, Stefan Brenner, Olena Iščenko, Olena Bondarenko ) pod vedením Volodymyra Sadivnyčoho prináša multidisciplinárny pohľad, ktorý kombinuje filologické, mediálne a literárne prístupy s cieľom analyzovať, ako jazyk, literatúra a médiá formujú a ovplyvňujú informačnú bezpečnosť.

    1. 1. Ukrainian_lnformation_Security: Philological Component : monograph / I. Zhilenko, etc. ; Under the general editorship V. Sadivnychyi. – Sumy : Sumy State University, 2024. – 180 p. URL: https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/bitstream-download/123456789/96179/3/Ukrainian_Information_Security_Philological_Component_monograph.pdf.

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