Issue 3 (46) ’ 2024

BOYKO Olga, D.Sc. (Philosophy), Professor, e-mail: [email protected];
ZIAKUN Alla, PhD (Historical), email: [email protected];
POVALII Tatiana, PhD (Pedagogical), email: [email protected];
KOTENKO Oleksandr, PhD (Economics), email: [email protected];
SIRIK Oleksandr, Graduate student, email: [email protected].
Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine.

Introduction. At the current stage, in the conditions of a full-scale war in Ukraine, the situation is characterized by socio-economic instability, the emergence of new specific categories of the population, in particular, veterans, disabled people, and their families. Under such conditions, there is a growing need for people who can provide voluntary assistance to the elderly, young people, children, persons with special needs and who find themselves in difficult life circumstances. Taking into account a situation, that was mentioned, there is a need to justify of the volunteer movement as a tool for building a society of sustainable development, which is capable of protecting various segments of the population from the consequences of the war in which the country is located.
Relevance of the study. Volunteering and sustainable development in the educational process are not new topics, but the purpose of this study is to analyze the role of volunteering in crisis situations, namely, during a full-scale war in Ukraine, in the higher educational institution Sumy State University (Ukraine), as well as to characterize practitioner of the organization of the volunteer movement at Sumy State University.
Methodology. Philosophical, sociological, cultural and general scientific methods were used in the research process, in particular, analysis and synthesis for the study of modern theoretical concepts and scientific developments regarding the understanding of the concept of «volunteering». Analytical method also was used, empirical methods, comparative method. Such approaches as activity and system were also used.
Results. The results of the study provide a possibility to determine the importance of such a mechanism as volunteering, which exists within civil society and is able to take the initiative at any time. Active volunteering develops the necessary life skills and professional experience for young people.
Conclusions. The article outlines the importance of the Strategic Development Plan of Sumy State University, which provided an opportunity to implement practical volunteer activities in difficult conditions. The implementation of organizational principles was the main factor in supporting the functioning of the organization in military circumstances. The principle of mobilizing internal potential was of integrative importance, as it provided opportunities to act independently of external factors, plan volunteer work within the team, using established internal business communications and available financial resources.
Key words: volunteering, sustainable development, education, institution of higher education, Sumy State University.

1. Zagoriy Foundation (2022), «Charity in times of war», available at: https://zagoriy. foundation/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/doslidzhennya-2022-1.pdf. (accessed 08 September 2024).

2. Gorelov, D. M., & Kornievskyi, O. А. (2015), Volunteer movement: world experience and Ukrainian civil practices: analytical report, NISS, Kyiv, 36 р.

3. Zvereyva, I. D. (2001), Training of volunteers and their role in the implementation of social projects, Naukovyj svit, Kyiv, 49 р.

4. Korol, O. (2022), «Report of the vice-rector on scientific and pedagogical work and the organization of extracurricular activities for 2022», available at: https://sumdu.edu.ua/images/content/general/public-info/report/report-2022_social.pdf (accessed 09 September 2024).

5. Korol, O. (2023), «Report of the vice-rector on scientific and pedagogical work and the organization of extracurricular activities for 2023», available at: https://sumdu.edu.ua/images/content/general/public-info/report/report-2023_social.pdf (accessed 09 September 2024).

6. Law of Ukraine (2011), On volunteering, 19 April 2011, Ukraine, available at: https://zakon. rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3236-17#Text (accessed 09 September 2024).

7. Law of Ukraine (2003), On social services, 19 June 2003, Ukraine, available at: https://zakon. rada.gov.ua/laws/show/966-15#Text (accessed 09 September 2024).

8. Decree of the President of Ukraine (2019), On the Sustainable Development Goals of Ukraine for the period until 2030, 30 September 2019, Ukraine, available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/722/2019#Text (accessed 09 September 2024).

9. Sumy State University (2019), «Strategic development plan of Sumy State University for 2020-2026», available at: https://normative.sumdu.edu.ua/?task=getfile&tmpl=component&a mp;id=52fedeb8-8e42-ea11-b021-001a4be6d04a&kind=1 (accessed 09 September 2024).

10. Sumy State University (2022), «Physical culture and sports, medical care and health work at Sumy State University: Report on the results of work in 2022 and main tasks for 2023», available at: https://sumdu.edu.ua/images/content/general/public-info/report/report-2022_sport.pdf (accessed 09 September 2024).

11. Yurchenko, I. V. (2009), Institutionalization of the volunteer movement in Ukraine, PhD diss. (sociol. sci.), Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 219 p.

12. Alias, A., Ariffin, K., & Noor, N. A. M. (2021), «Volunteerism among the Academics: The Questions of Motivation and Constraints», International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, no. 11(1), pp. 675–689.

13. Anderson, P., & Green, P. (2012), «Beyond CV building: The communal benefits of student volunteering», Voluntary Sector Review, no. 3(2), pp. 247–256.

14. Bartal, A. M. (2021), «Assessing the first National Voluntary Strategy (2012-2020) – Achievements and shortcomings», Önkéntes Szemle, no. 1(1), pp. 3–20.

15. Bartlett, A. (1998), «Reflections on Sustainability, Population Growth and the Environment», Renewable Resources Journal, no. 15(4), pp. 6–23.

16. Bocsi, V., Fényes, H., & Markos, V. (2017), «Motives of volunteering and values of work among higher education students», Citizenship Social and Economics Education, no. 16 (2), pp. 117–131.

17. Činčalová, S., & Černá, M. (2021), «Volunteering of Czech College Students – Experience and Motivation», Journal on Efficiency and Responsibility in Education and Science, no. 14 (2), pp. 79–88.

18. Daly, H. E. (1996), Beyond Growth: The Economics of Sustainable Development, Beacon Press, Boston, 158 р.

19. Fényes, H. (2015), «Effect of religiosity on volunteering and on the types of volunteering among higher educa-tion students in a cross-border central-Eastern European region», Acta Universitatis Sapientiae Social Analyses, no. 5(2), pp. 181–203.

20. Fényes, H., Markos, V., & Mohacsi, M. (2021), «Volunteering Among Higher Education Students as Part of Individual Career Management», Corvinus Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, no. 12 (2), pp. 3–22.

21. Fényes, H., & Pusztai, G. (2012), «Volunteering among Higher Education Students. Focusing on the Micro-level Factors», Journal of Social Research and Policy, no. 3 (1), pp. 73–95.

22. Handy, F., Cnaan, R., & Hustinx, L. (2010), «A cross-cultural examination of student volunteering: Is it all about résumé building?», Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, no. 3, pp. 498–523.

23. Hart, D., Donnelly, T., Youniss, J., & Atkins, R. (2007), «High School Community Service as a Predictor of Adult Voting and Volunteering», American Educational Research Journal, no. 44 (1), pp. 197–219.

24. Holdsworth, C. (2010), «Why volunteer? Understanding motivations for student volunteering», British Journal of Education Studies, no. 58 (4), pp. 421–437.

25. Kofi, A. (2021), «International Year Of Volunteers 2001», Olympic Review : Official Publication Of The Olympic Movement, no. XXVII-36, pp. 13–14.

26. McKeever, B. (2015), «The Nonprofit Sector in Brief 2015: Public Charities, Giving, and Volunteering», available at: https://pict76.unitinal.com/media/b8319fd8791034bc.pdf (accessed 09 September 2024).

27. Resch, K., Knapp, M., & Schrittesser, I. (2021), «How do universities recognise student volunteering? A symbolic interactionist perspective on the recognition of student engagement in higher education», European Journal of Higher Education, no. 12 (2), pp. 194–210.

28. Rumelt, R. P. (2011), Good Strategy Bad Strategy: The Difference and Why It Matters, Random House LLC, New York, 336 р.

29. Szluz, B. (2012), «Wolontariat studentów – współczesne wyzwania», Studia Socialia Cracoviensia, no. 4 (1), pp. 163–181.

30. The Universal Declaration on Volunteering, available at: https://www.iave.org/the-universal- declaration-on-volunteering/ (accessed 09 September 2024).

31. Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, available at: https:// www.undp.org/uk/ukraine/publications/peretvorennya-nashoho-svitu-poryadok-dennyy-u-sferi- staloho-rozvytku-do-2030-roku (accessed 09 September 2024).

Melnykova-Kurhanova Olena, PhD (Social Communications), Associate Professor, e-mail: [email protected]. ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1364-0264
Kozharina Valeriia, PhD student of the second (master’s), e-mail: [email protected].
National Aviation University, Kyiv, Ukraine.

Introduction. Information hygiene has become critically important in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The rapid development of information technology and methods of information warfare has necessitated the adaptation of strategies to protect against disinformation and manipulative content.
Relevance and purpose. The relevance of the study lies in the need to understand and improve methods of protection against information threats in the context of the ongoing war. Given the intensity of cyberattacks and the use of the latest technologies to create and spread disinformation, the study of the transformation of information hygiene is important. The protection of personal data, continuous improvement of media literacy, and the ability to choose quality media are important issues for the Ukrainian audience. The purpose of the study is to identify changes in the information hygiene tools in Ukraine since the beginning of the full-scale invasion, as well as the specifics of a set of measures to counter disinformation and destructive narratives in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war. Particular attention is paid to the study of adaptive mechanisms for countering disinformation and destructive narratives in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war. This study aims to identify new strategies and tools that can effectively protect the country’s information space in the face of intense confrontation.
Research methods. The research was based on the analysis of scientific literature, comparison of media literacy data, case studies of media education initiatives, and expert evaluation.
Results. The article analyses the evolution of online media literacy courses that have adapted to the new challenges of the information war. New methods of fact-checking and countering disinformation created by AI are considered. The concept of infodetection as a method of adapting information hygiene is explored.
Conclusions. Information hygiene in Ukraine has undergone a significant transformation, adapting to the challenges of war. Raising the level of media literacy, developing specialised educational programmes and improving fact-checking methods contribute to building the society’s resilience to information threats. An important aspect is the constant change in information hygiene methods to meet new technological challenges, including the use of AI in creating disinformation.
Keywords: information hygiene, information warfare, media literacy, critical thinking, fact-checking.

Chornobut Olha, PhD student,
Zaporizhzhia National University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected]
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1870-8210

Introduction. This article is dedicated to the study of the impact of the symbolic space of Ukraine’s territorial communities on enhancing the effectiveness of local governance in the context of decentralization and martial law.
Relevance of the study. In the context of decentralization, the symbolic space of territorial communities serves as a key factor in shaping collective identity and contributes to the preservation of cultural heritage, which is being shaped by newly consolidated territories. It ensures integration at the local level and plays a central role in maintaining the historical values of the communities. The aim of this study is to analyze the components of the symbolic space of communities and determine their significance in strategic communication, aimed at enhancing social integration and cohesion among the population.
Methodology. The study employs a range of methods, including the analysis of scientific sources and the analysis and synthesis of terminology. The method of designing the components of the symbolic space of territories has been applied. An analysis of semiotic identities and communication channels within communities was conducted to identify strategic means of interaction and their impact on social communication and community positioning.
Results. The article analyzes aspects of the design of symbolic space in relation to socio-communicative connections within Ukraine’s territorial communities, considering its structure and components. The study identifies several key aspects: first, the analysis reveals the dynamic nature of symbolic space and its transformation within the community; second, the components of symbolic space are characterized in terms of their functions and interactions; third, the symbolic space is divided into components, allowing it to be transformed into a systematic and manageable structure.
Conclusions. The influence of symbolic space on the collective identity of territorial communities is a significant and stabilizing factor in the context of decentralization and martial law. We believe that the role of symbols is a driving force in activating social cohesion and civic mobility within the communicative relationships of communities. A systematized structure of symbolic space consolidates the population around shared values, which is crucial for effective interaction between different social groups.
Keywords: symbolic space, symbol, territorial community, communication, identity.

1. Khitrova, T. V. (2012). Mediini zasoby reprezentatsii dyskursu “istorychna pamyat” v kontseptsii realizatsii derzhavnoi polityky pamyati. Derzhava ta rehiony. [Sotsialni komunikatsii], (4), 133–137.
2. Foucault, M. (1993). Sotsialnyi prostir i symvolichna vlada. THESIS, (2).
3. Levi-Strauss, C. (1968). The Savage Mind. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
4. Polyanska, O. Ye. Rol symvolichnoho prostoru v kulturnomu rozvytku rehioniv Ukrainy, аvailable at: http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/bitstream/handle/123456789/11633/10-Polyanska.pdf?sequence=1
5. Dymarets, R. (2000). Vlast symvolov i symvoly vlasti v sovremennoi kulture. Mezhdunarodnye chteniya po teorii, istorii i filosofii kultury, (8), 121-133.
6. Velyka ukrainska entsyklopediya, аvailable at: https://vue.gov.ua/Symvol (date of access: September 25, 2024).
7. Hanaba, S. O. (2016). Symvolichnyi prostir mista yak prostir pamyati. Filosofiya ta politolohiya v konteksti suchasnoi kultury. [ Filosofiya], (6), 4-9.
8. Pankova, O. (2015). Symvolichnyi prostir yak zasib intehratsii ta mobilizatsii liudskykh spilnot. [Ekonomika i upravlinnya], 2(40), 151-157.
9. Rafalskyi, O. (2022). Tsivilizatsiina identychnist ukrainska: istoriya i suchasnist: monohrafiya (Y. Kalakura, Ed.). Kyiv: IPIEND im. I. F. Kurasa NAN Ukrainy.
10. Pro volontersku diyalnist: Zakon Ukrainy vid 19.04.2011 No 3236-VI. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, (42), st. 435.
11. Prohrama rozvytku OON v Ukraini. (2023). Sotsopytuvannya, аvailable at: https://www.undp.org/uk/ukraine/press-releases/ukrayintsi-staly-chastishe-korystuvatysya-internetom-80-onlayn-shchodnya-sotsopytuvannya (date of access: September 20, 2024).

Bakaievych Yana, Postgraduate student,
Borys Grinchenko Kyiv Metropolitan University, Kyiv, Ukraine, [email protected]
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5508-8471

Introduction. The article pays attention to such a journalistic approach as « solutions journalism» on the Ukrainian media market and methods of publishing solutions journalism materials in new media. During the study, the publications of specific Ukrainian media on Instagram, their publication format and the content of the distributed materials on solutions journalism in the social network were analyzed.
Relevance of the study. Solutions journalism is aimed at highlighting successful initiatives and solutions to social problems. The correct submission format on Instagram allows you to better communicate with the audience, increasing the impact of such materials and stimulating discussion. The purpose of the article is to determine the features and approaches to the publication and promotion of solutions journalism materials through new media.
Methodology. For the selection of media specializing in the creation of solutions journalism materials, keyword queries in the Google search engine were analyzed, as well as the specialized journalistic media «Detektor Media». In order to make sure of the correctness of the choice, the section on the «About Us» website for each media outlet was additionally analyzed regarding the publication’s own positioning by the editors. In this way, the list of Ukrainian media that create materials on solutions journalism has been determined. After that, 50 publications in five Instagram profiles of these media were analyzed and the method of content analysis was applied to identify key ways of presenting and promoting solutions journalism materials on the Instagram platform.
Results. Materials on solutions journalism are mostly presented in the format of multimedia carousels using photos, graphic elements, and text. In the format of video materials from journalism, there are significantly fewer solutions on Instagram. Despite the fact that the quality of some media’s Instagram posts was at a high level, audience feedback, namely likes and comments, was quantitatively low or absent. There is a low frequency of publication of decision journalism materials on Instagram during the month.
Conclusions. The multimedia capabilities of Instagram allow you to distribute solutions journalism materials using multimedia carousels or video format. At the same time, it is worth understanding the algorithms of social networks and ways of interacting with the audience so that more readers read or see the publications and react to the materials. Partner integrations and the description of the experience of implementing solutions of media readers on Instagram allow you to reach a larger media audience when publishing materials on solutions journalism on Instagram, to encourage discussion and likes of posts with materials on it.
Keywords: solutions journalism, content, new media, promotion in new media, Instagram, data visualization.

Haladzhun Zoriana, PhD (Social Communications), Associate Professor,
Lviv Polytechnic Nationality University, Lviv, Ukraine, е-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3487-6057

Introduction. The specialized press operating in the media market of Ukraine is represented by many publications in which the target audience is interested. In addition to business, medical, literary and artistic, and other magazines, the system of specialized press in Ukraine also includes legal publications. Researching the audience of the legal press is useful for many reasons, in particular, to know whom to direct communication to (who is the consumer of information), whose interests to take into account, what topics to choose, how to design the publication, etc.
The purpose of the study is to examine, on the basis of the analysis of the achievements of Ukrainian and foreign scholars and practitioners in the media sphere, the audience features of the specialized publication «Yurydychna Praktyka» and to form a portrait of its readership. To achieve the purpose of the study, general scientific and special methods were used, in particular: historical – to study the state of media audience research; comparative – to identify trends in the formation of the audience of a specialized newspaper based on the collected data; inductive – to summarize the identified trends and formulate conclusions; typologization – to differentiate information according to the elements of the structure of specialized publications. In solving certain research tasks at different stages of the study, empirical and theoretical methods were used: observation, description, classification and systematization.
Results. In the context of our study, special attention should be paid to the opinion of researchers Ohmichen E. and Reeder K.-M., who believe that, according to the criterion of motives, all users (the audience of the publication) are divided into those who are focused on information of a certain type and those who are looking for entertainment, and that a person’s belonging to one or another type of user is influenced primarily by social status and the requirements of the profession. The audience of the legal publication mainly consists of persons who are citizens of Ukraine, have a higher legal education, speak the state language fluently or to the extent that corresponds to the level determined by the National Commission on State Language Standards, have experience in the field of law or in certain legal positions.
Conclusions. To summarize, the media audience is the real consumers of the media product created by different types of editorial offices. If in the past the audience was the object to which the media message was directed, today, due to high competition in the market, the audience influences the topics and issues of the editorial content, i.e., once an external factor of a journalist’s creativity has become his or her customer for a certain type of information.
Keywords: media audience, legal publication audience, legal press, Ukrainian print media, reader portrait.

1.Derzhstandart Ukrainy [State Standard of Ukraine] (2015), «DSTU 3017—2015. Vydannia. Osnovni vydy. Terminy ta vyznachennia», Kyiv.
2. Fisenko, T.V. (2019), «Do pytannia pro klasyfikatsiiu spetsializovanykh vydan», Obrii drukarstva [Horizons of printing], 1(7), pp. 206-216.
3.Rizun, V. (2008), Teoriia masovoi komunikatsii, Prosvita, Kyiv, 260 p.
4.Korolova, O.V. (2020), Sportyvni zhurnaly nezalezhnoi Ukrainy: suchasnyi stan, tendentsii rozvytku: Thesis abstract…cand.sc., Kyiv, 194 p.
5. Livingstone, S. M. (1996). On the continuing problems of media effects research. In J. Curran & M. Gurevitch (Eds.), Mass Media and Society (pp. 305-324), Edward Arnold, London.
6.McQuail, D. (1997). Audience analysis, Sage, London.
7.Ivanov, V. F. (2000).Sotsiolohiia masovoi komunikatsii, Publishing house Kyiv University, Kyiv, 210 p.
8.Ivanov, V. (2018), «Sotsiolohichni doslidzhennia audytorii mas-media», available at: http://journlib.univ.kiev.ua/index.php?act=article&article=1280.
9.Ivanova, O., Moiseieva, O.& Steblyna, N. (2018), «Mistseva presa: posibnyk dlia ZMI. Yak rehionalnym zhurnalistam pratsiuvaty za chasiv novykh media ta kryzy demokratii», available at: http://www.ualocal.media/?p=433.
10.Husak, O. (2014), «Osnovni tendentsii povedinky audytorii suchasnykh internet-ZMI», Visnyk Knyzhkovoi palaty [Bulletin of the Book Chamber], 4, available at: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/47236578.pdf.
11.Synorub, H. & Synorub, M. (2021), «Audytoriia tsyfrovykh media: sposoby zaluchennia», available at: http://dspace.tnpu.edu.ua/bitstream/123456789/22742/1/20_Synorub_Synorub.pdf
12.Vasylyk, L. (2019), «Tendentsii funktsionuvannia drukovanykh media v Ukraini», available at: https://archer.chnu.edu.ua/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2879/1/kowal-w%20kr%C4%99gu%20prasy%201%281%29.pdf.
13.USAID-Internews (2023), «Ukrainski media, stavlennia ta dovira u 2023 rotsi», available at: https://internews.in.ua/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Ukrainski-media-stavlennia-ta-dovira-2023r.pdf(accessed on 26 December 2023).
14.Knyzhkova palata Ukrainy [Book Chamber of Ukraine](2023), «Vypusk v Ukraini hazet za tematychnymy rozdilamy ta chytatskoiu adresoiu», available at: https://skilky-skilky.info/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Vypusk-periodychnykh-i-prodovzhuvanykh-vydan-1991-2022-rr.pdf(accessed on 26 December 2023).
15.Zinherman, Ye. (2019), «Yak vyznachyty svoiu tsilovu audytoriiu. Konspekt lektsii», Bazilik Media, available at: https://bazilik.media/nasha-tsilova-iak-vyznachaiut-svoiu-tsa-ukrainski-media/(accessed on 26 December 2023).
16.Pylypiuk, S. (2017), «Tsinnist media vyznachaietsia yoho audytoriieiu – Oleksii Amotov pro media-trendy», The Village, available at: https://www.village.com.ua/village/knowledge/lecture/256779-oleksiy-amotov-pro-trendi-v-media(accessed on 26 December 2023).
17.Bondarenko, T. (2016), «Informatsiini vzaiemyny v systemi «media-audytoriia»: za rezultatamy ekspertnoho opytuvannia rehionalnykh redaktoriv», Naukovi zapysky [Scientific notes], 2(53), pp. 286-302.
18.Sadivnychyi, V. (2015), «Typolohichna systema spetsializovanoi medychnoi presy (na prykladi vydan Naddniprianskoi Ukrainy seredyny ХІХ – pochatku ХХ st.), Zhurnalistyka [Journalism], 14, pp. 57-70.
19.Lall, J. (2002), Mas-media, komunikatsiia, kultura: hlobalnyi pidkhid: [transl. from Eng.], K.I.S., Kyiv, 264 p.
20.Okhotnik, Yu. (2019), «5 typovykh pomylok onlain-media pry roboti z audytoriieiu», Medium, available at:http://surl.li/qrnkh(accessed on 26 December 2023).
21.Oehmichen, E. & Rider, C.-M. (2003), Die MedienNutzerTypologie, Baden-Baden, 276 p.
22.McKlein, D. (2010), Theory of mass communication [transl. from eng.Vozna, O. & Stashkiv, H.],Litopys, Lviv, 538 p.
23.Poliuha, L. M. (2006), Slovnyk synonimiv ukrainskoi movy, Dovira,Kyiv, 477 p.
24.Slovnyk ukrainskoi movy u 20 tomakh (2021), Ukrainskyi movno-informatsiinyi fond NAN Ukrainy, Kyiv, 1024 p.
25.Karavanskyi, S. (2000), Praktychnyi slovnyk synonimiv ukrainskoi movy, «Ukrainska knyha»,480 p.
26.Slovnyk ukrainskoi movy v 11 tomakh (1978), available at: http://sum.in.ua/s/seredovyshhe/(accessed on 16 November2023).
27.Zakon Ukrainy (2016), Pro sudoustrii ta status suddiv, Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy, Kyiv, available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1402-19#Text(accessed on 16 November 2023).
28.Zakon Ukrainy (2014), Pro prokuraturu, Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy, Kyiv, available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1697-18#Text (accessed on 16 November 2023).
29.Zakon Ukrainy (1993), Pro notariat, Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy, Kyiv, available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3425-12#Text(accessed on 16 November 2023).
30.Zakon Ukrainy (2013), Pro advokaturu ta advokatsku diialnist, Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy, Kyiv, available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/5076-17#Text(accessed on 16 November 2023).
31.Dovidnyk kvalifikatsiinykh kharakterystyk profesii pratsivnykiv [Handbook of qualification characteristics of employees’ professions], Iuryskonsult, available at: https://jobs.ua/dkhp/articles-133 (accessed on 16 November 2023).
32.Yurydychna praktyka [Legal practice] (2019), Arkhiv opytuvan, available at: https://pravo.ua/pollsarchive?poll_page=1 (accessed on 16 November 2023).
33.Serazhym, K. (2002), Dyskurs yak sotsiolinhvalne yavyshche: metodolohiia, arkhitektonika, variatyvnist : monohrafiia, Kyiv, 392 p.
34.Tsarova, I. (2020), Suchasnyi ukrainskyi yurydychnyi tekst: leksyko-deryvatsiina struktura : monohrafiia, LIRA, Dnipro, 446 p.
35.Artykutsa, V. (2008), «Mova prava u yii funktsionalnykh riznovydakh», available at: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/149235495.pdf (accessed on 16 November 2023).

Vertiy Oleksiy,
D.Sc. (Philology), [email protected]
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7720-6611

The epistolary heritage from the archive of G.A. Nudgy is a source for research dialectics of the formation his life principles, ideals, character and life position under communist conditions absolute power in the Soviet Union. Therefore, published letters create an image of that time, provide the key to understanding its contradictions and challenges the nationally conscious part of the Ukrainian intelligentsia to society as a whole dictatorship, evil and injustice.
Keywords: letter, conflict, willpower, stability, consciousness, duty.