Issue 2 (34) ’ 2020

After the Revolution of Dignity on Maydan Square in Kyiv in 2013-2014, Russian military aggression began, which was marked by the annexation of Crimea and the beginning of a full-fledged war in the eastern territories of Ukraine. On January 6, 2019, Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew signed the Tomos for the Orthodox Church of Ukraine, which testified to the independent vector of development undertaked by Ukrainian Orthodoxy, which has long been under pressure from the Moscow Patriarchate. This event caused a resonance in both Ukrainian and Russian media. The purpose of the study is to find out how the process of granting the Tomos turned into one of the aspects of the information war between Ukraine and Russia. The publication presents the content of Ukrainian and Russian web resources dedicated to this event and analyzes how the media event of receiving the Tomos by the Orthodox Church of Ukraine influenced the internal social dialogue in Ukraine, communication between Ukrainian and Russian Orthodoxy, and information confrontation between Russia and Ukraine.

Key words: Tomos, Constantinople, Orthodox Church of Ukraine, web space.

УДК [007:32:316.658](477:470):271.2(477)

Томос у контексті інформаційної війни між Росією та Україною

Габор Наталія, канд. філол. наук, доцент, e-mail: [email protected],
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6306-8326,
Лавриш Юліана, канд. наук із соц. комунік., доцент, [email protected],
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5205-9309,
Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка, факультет журналістики, вул. Генерала Чупринки, 49, м. Львів, 79044, Україна.

Вступ. 6 січня 2019 року Православна Церква України отримала Томос про автокефалію від Вселенського Патріарха Варфоломія, що змінило вектор як внутрішньої – міжцерковної в Україні, так і зовнішньої комунікації – на рівні вселенського Православ’я. Творення церковної автокефалії для багатьох країн означало зміцнення державницького стержня і самостійності.
Актуальність і мета. Тема дослідження важлива саме у фокусі медіа-простору, оскільки між Україною та Росією, окрім війни на Сході, маємо інформаційне протистояння, а також помітну протидію між українським та російським Православ’ям. Мета публікації – осмислити, як сам факт надання Томосу вплинули на контент українських та російських медіа; як це інформаційне протистояння впливає на комунікацію між двома державами.
Методологія. У публікації застосовуємо такі методи: порівняльний (аналіз комунікаційних повідомлень російських та українських ресурсів щодо отримання Томосу), моніторинг (представлення ключових концептів російсько-українського медіадискурсу щодо цієї події в українському церковному середовищі), аналіз контенту (на основі аналізу медіаресурсів), a також метод спостереження.
Результати. У межах дослідження проаналізовано контент українських та російських, проросійськи налаштованих ЗМК щодо надання Томосу Православній Церкві України. Виявлено, що пропагандистська кампанія, спрямована на компрометацію незалежної української Церкви, була частиною війни Росії проти української держави та її суверенітету. Також представлено, як розвиватиметься інформаційна кампанія щодо визнання ПЦУ серед інших Помісних Православних Церков.
Висновки. У результаті дослідження виявлено, що інформаційна кампанія щодо надання Томосу Православній Церкві України тривала не лише у 2018–2019 роках, але з моменту проголошення незалежності України, оскільки церковна незалежність є основою державності. По-друге, в рамках досліджуваної інформаційної кампанії ми бачимо явне протиріччя між Російською Православною Церквою та Православною церквою України, про що свідчить контент як російських, так і українських ЗМІ з чіткою проросійською позицією. А це, своєю чергою, доводить бажання Росії тріумфувати на різних фронтах. По-третє, інформаційне протиріччя у фокусі церковного змісту між Росією та Україною виявляє як зовнішні, так і внутрішні конфлікти, які є предметом уваги ЗМІ, зокрема між духовенством Православної Церкви України та Українською Православною Церквою в єдності з Московським патріархатом. Внутрішня незгода між православними церквами дестабілізує діалог та підриває взаєморозуміння в українському релігійному просторі. По-четверте, інформаційна політика Росії також зосереджена на інших автокефальних Церквах, які ще не визнали Православну Церкву України.

Ключові слова: Томос, Константинополь, Православна Церква України, веб-простір.

Стаття надійшла до редакції 6.11.2020

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The article deals with the peculiarities of the representation of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Ukrainian online media. In particular, these are the ways of presenting the topic of coronavirus on the main pages of the sites of the leading Ukrainian Internet media and the style of the titles of publications on this topic. It was found that the topic of COVID-19 is a priority for Ukrainian online media, as evidenced by various ways to draw attention to this topic on the main pages of Ukrainian online media sites. In particular, this is the introduction of the relevant sections, subsections and headings. Particular attention is paid to the presence of elements of the so-called «sports» style in the titles of publications. In particular, these are the words «record» and «anti-record».

Key words: headline, online media, coronavirus, COVID-19.

UDC 007 : 304 : 659. 3

Peculiarities of the representation of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Ukrainian online media

Yanenko Yaroslav, PhD (Sociological Sciences),
Sumy State University, 2, Rimsky-Korsakov St., Sumy, 40007, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected]
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2468-6636

Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world in a few months, therefore, in our opinion, it is important to consider the features of the representation of the coronavirus topic in Ukrainian online media, as in one of the most operational and massive types of modern mass media.
Relevance and purpose. The purpose of the study is to determine the features of the representation of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukrainian online media. The relevance is due to the need to identify the factors influencing the COVID-19 pandemic on the state of the national information space.
Methodology. The main method used in the article is content analysis. The descriptive method allowed selecting units of analysis and classifying them for analysis. The systematic approach that allowed us to identify trends concerning the peculiarities of the content of online media.
Results. As a result of the study is established that the topic of COVID-19 is a priority for Ukrainian online media. This is evidenced by the various methods of attracting attention to this by those on the main pages of the sites of the Ukrainian Internet media. In particular, this is the introduction of the relevant sections, subsections and headings. A significant portion of the online media has a home page for the country’s coronavirus «counter». Means of attracting attention are the use of large letters or letters of a different color, placing announcements on colored plates, underlining text, etc. Also, the features of the formation of the style of headings of materials of the Ukrainian Internet media, dedicated to the COVID-19 pandemic, were determined. In particular, it is the presence of elements of the socalled «sports» style, the key elements of which in the titles of publications are the words «record» and «anti-record». Ukrainian online media actively use these antonymic words to report an increase in the number of COVID-19 diseases.
Conclusions. As a result of our research, we found out the ways of presenting the COVID-19 topic on the main pages of the websites of the leading Ukrainian Internet media. Also, the features of the formation of the style of headings of materials of Ukrainian online media devoted to the COVID-19 pandemic were determined. Accordingly, the novelty and practical significance of the results are important for identifying the factors influencing the pandemic on the state of the national information space.

Key words: headline, online media, coronavirus, COVID-19.

Стаття надійшла до редакції 09.11.2020

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The article deals with the peculiarities of the representation of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Ukrainian online media. In particular, these are the ways of presenting the topic of coronavirus on the main pages of the sites of the leading Ukrainian Internet media and the style of the titles of publications on this topic. It was found that the topic of COVID-19 is a priority for Ukrainian online media, as evidenced by various ways to draw attention to this topic on the main pages of Ukrainian online media sites. In particular, this is the introduction of the relevant sections, subsections and headings. Particular attention is paid to the presence of elements of the so-called «sports» style in the titles of publications. In particular, these are the words «record» and «anti-record».

Key words: headline, online media, coronavirus, COVID-19.

UDC 007 : 304

The role of personified sources in the construction of COVID-19 information for media consumers

Yaremenko Vadym, postgraduate;
Diedova Anastasiia, student;
Zubar Diana, student.
Sumy State University, 2, Rymsky-Korsakov St., Sumy, 40007, Ukraine, е-mail: [email protected].

Introduction. The relevance of the study is that to date, personalized sources as a mechanism for forming a system of local media reports on an important medical topic – «COVID-19 virus» have not been studied. The aim of the study is to determine the role of personalized sources in constructing information about COVID-19 for modern media consumers.
Methodology. The main method in the article was the content analysis of media reports about COVID-19, which were broadcast by authoritative mass media of the following regions of Ukraine: Mykolaiv, Ternopil and Chernivtsi.
Results. The study found that the main personalized sources of information about COVID-19 in this media dimension are professional, political, general and authoritative. It is established that the use of each of the types of sources and the choice of their composition forms both a positive and a negative trend in the coverage of this topic. Of the positive features of informing about COVID-19 for professionals is typical to broadcast professional opinion in refuting the information of disinformers, to form a broad professional worldview; for politicians – to refute fakes and report on a number of important anti-epidemiological measures; general – to form a positive emotional presentation of preventive information, to express support for quarantine measures in the state; authoritative – to integrate preventive information into its socially significant PR-actions. Due to the negative specifics of informing professionals, it is typical to cover sensational facts that are insufficiently confirmed by competent circles; political – the use of different information contexts (the use of messages with a PR context and with scientific statements that lack the confirmation of the competent circle), which exclude objective perception; for general – the use of wording about COVID-19, which misinform; for the authoritative – overloading people’s minds with image information that does not allow to constantly update preventive information.
Conclusions. The significance of the article for science lies in the acquisition of valuable facts in the studied specifics of informing about COVID-19 with the introduction of the mentioned personalized sources. The practical value of the obtained results of the research lies in the formation of materials for teaching media literacy of the population and the creation by media professionals of quality materials about COVID-19.

Key words: COVID-19, information technology, media consumer, source of information, local media.

Стаття надійшла до редакції 07.11.2020.

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The article examines the publicistic polemic of 1919–1920 between the Social Democrats Volodymyr Starosolsky, Mykola Hankevych and Dmytro Dontsov on one side and the National Democrats Kost’ Levytsky, Pavlo Lysyak on the other about the Ukrainian-Polish understanding and the conclusion of the Treaty of Warsaw in 1920 between the Ukrainian People’s Republic and Poland. The main focus is on the polemic over the participation and role of Volodymyr Starosolsky in the Ukrainian-Polish negotiations. The object of the study is primarily the Lviv newspapers «Vpered/Forward», «Hromadska Dumka / Public Opinion», «Nova Rada/New Council» and the Vienna magazine «Ukrainskyi Prapor/Ukrainian Flag». To study newspaper articles and define the basic concepts of journalistic polemic, the methods of analysis, synthesis, comparative method and press clipping were used. Historical and logical methods were chosen to determine the objectivity of the facts stated by the polemists, as well as a biographical method to reveal the political activity of Volodymyr Starosolsky as the scholar and publicist.

Key words: Volodymyr Starosolsky, Ukrainian press, publicism, polemic, Treaty of Warsaw.

UDK 070(477)»1919/1920»:[32-051(477):341.24(477:438)»1920»]

Participation of V. Starosolsky in the publicistic polemic of 1919–1920 on the Treaty of Warsaw

Ohorodnyk Taras, junior researcher,
Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv, 2, Stefanyk St., Lviv, 79000, Ukraine, e-mail: t_oh@ ukr.net
ORCID: https:// 0000-0001-6063-3799

Introduction. The aim of this article is to determine the main features of publicistic polemic about the participation and role of Volodymyr Starosolsky in Ukrainian-Polish understanding of 1919–1920. The Lviv newspapers «Vpered/Forward», «Hromadska Dumka /Public Opinion», «Nova Rada/New Council» and the Vienna magazine «Ukrainskyi Prapor/ Ukrainian Flag» were selected for an object of the study.
Methods. Methods of analysis, synthesis, comparative method and press clipping made it possible to define the basic concepts of publicistic polemic. Historical and logical methods were used for stating the facts objectivity. The biographical method allowed to reveal the political activity of Volodymyr Starosolsky.
Results and conclusions. From September 1919 till January 1920 Volodymyr Starosolsky published three articles on the problems of state formation in the Lviv diary «Vpered/Forward». Ukrainian politicians Kost Levytsky, Pavlo Lysyak («Ukrainskyi Prapor/Ukrainian Flag»), and other authors (Lviv newspapers «Hromadska Dumka/Public Opinion», «Nova Rada/New Council») responded with their articles too. The latter condemned Volodymyr Starosolsky for his participation and role in the Ukrainian-Polish negotiations, which ended with the conclusion of the Treaty of Warsaw in 1920 and with the surrendering of Western Ukraine by Ukrainian People’s Republic in favor of Poland. The Social Democrat Mykola Hankevych and Dmytro Dontsov defended Volodymyr Starosolsky in the magazine «Vpered/Forward». Concepts «sobornist», «independence», «nation», «particularism» were defined as the main in this polemic.

Key words: Volodymyr Starosolsky, Ukrainian press, publicism, polemic, Treaty of Warsaw.

Стаття надійшла до редакції 09.11.2020

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The article outlines the main trends in the studies of British press presented by Ukrainian media researches since Ukraine gained its independence in 1991. The author describes the objects of their greatest interest and analyses the subject area of the works. The paper also concentrates on the perspectives of such researches. Particular attention is paid to the entire discourse of studies on the whole press system functioning and its certain aspects. Extensive coverage is given to the main tendencies of its development as well as the experience of applying the special practical tools.

Key words: British press, press studies, evolution of media types, periodization of press history, stereotypes in the press.

UDC: 070(410):[007:316.77]-057.4(477)

The British press in Ukrainian media researches’ studies

Hren Zoryana,
Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv, 2, Stefanyk Str., Lviv, e-mail: [email protected]
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9869-7421

Introduction. The system of British press is one of the oldest national press systems, demonstrating both stability and development. These features together with susceptibility to global mass communication trends, induced media researchers in Ukraine to pay particular attention to processes influencing simultaneously the Ukrainian journalism as an integral part of the global information space.
The aim of the article is to identify the current trends of British press studies conducted by Ukrainian researchers since Ukraine gained independence in 1991 pointing the principal objects of their interest and characterizing themes and perspectives of their studies.
Methodology. The empirical methods, methods of theoretical cognition, methods of analysis, synthesis and systematization as well as historical and structural, comparative and problem-chronological methods were applied to conduct the research.
Results. The study revealed the most important Ukrainian centers of foreign media studies, especially on the British press. They are The Institute of Journalism at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, faculties of journalism at Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Zaporizhzhia National University, Sumy State University, Uzhhorod National University, etc. The study is based on the works of these centers’ representatives. To generalize certain tendencies in the press development, the detailed, thorough examination of different periodicals is needed, especially the ways of their functioning as a part of the entire system. The national newspapers and magazines are regarded to be the most significant for the analysis and this was the reason of increasing number of such studies among Ukrainian researchers, paying specific attention to «The Times», «The Guardian», «The Independent», «The Financial Times», «The Daily Telegraph» and others.
Having analyzed the problems and themes of the papers published by Ukrainian scholars, the author highlighted the following research directions: the structure of British press and journalism, types of British press, features of functioning and development of periodicals highly contributed to political, public and cultural life of Great Britain, the heritage of prominent journalists, the history of British press and journalism, stereotypes in British media.
Conclusions. Thematic boundaries of studies have significantly expanded from general reviews to precise investigations on various aspects of British press. Multi-aspect studies have good perspectives within the field of social communication in Ukraine and contribute to a powerful theoretical and methodological platform necessary for the formation of new knowledge, will reveal new subject areas and most importantly, will allow full usage of the historically powerful media experience of this European country in the practice of Ukrainian media.

Key words: British press, press studies, evolution of media types, periodization of press history, stereotypes in the press.

Стаття надійшла до редакції 29.10.2020.

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The article aims to explore the specifics of coverage of reforms in the online edition «Ukrayinska pravda» to determine the features of the genre-thematic content of the publications. The study of the peculiarities of media coverage of reforms is relevant due to the lack of a detailed analysis of the thematic focus and structure of publications on reforms. Principal topics for journalists have been identified: medical reform, reform of the prosecution, reform of the army, civil service reform, sports reform. The publications highlight both the positive dynamics in the implementation of reforms and the obstacles to the successful implementation of reforms. Materials from the «NEWS» section are written for informational purposes and do not contain a subjective author’s assessment. Materials from the «COLUMN» section are written as analytical articles or contain elements of different genres. The publications are aimed to draw attention to the problem, assess the effectiveness of reforms, predict possible successes and failures of the reform.

Key words: reform, online edition, social change, reform strategy.

UDC 316.422 (477):004.738.1

Coverage of reforms in the internet edition of «Ukrayinska Pravda»

Kolupayeva Olena, PhD (Philology), Assistant professor,
Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University, 61, Ohiienko Str., Kamianets-Podilskyi, 32302, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected]
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0264-7399

Introduction. Coverage of the results of reform in the media is a public contribution to changing the system of government in Ukraine. At the same time, it depends on journalists how much Ukrainians will understand and how they will perceive the processes taking place in the country.
Relevance of the study. The need to reform various spheres of public life is determined by many factors, starting, first of all, with education and medicine, and ending with the uniqueness of the provision of administrative services. Therefore, the study of the peculiarities of media coverage of the reform is relevant.
The methology. The scientific search was carried out using the following methods: the method of analysis of theoretical sources to determine primarily the concept of «reform»; inductive method to formulate the features of coverage of the reform by the Internet edition of «Ukrayinska Pravda»; chronological method to study the features of the reform as an object of journalistic research, quantitative method to analyse media content, the method of generalization to systematize the material.
Results. Internet edition of «Ukrayinska Pravda» regularly publishes materials on the issue of reform. Among principal topics for journalists are medical reform, reform of the prosecution, reform of the army, civil service reform, sports reform. Most of the materials of «Ukrayinska Pravda» are included in the sections «NEWS» and «COLUMN». The materials of the «NEWS» section are written for informational purposes in a strictly standardized style, excluding subjective author’s assessment.
Conclusions. The problem of reforms in Ukraine, the prospects for the implementation of modernization of projects, the analysis of the government’s mistakes regarding changes in the country often attract the attention of journalists. The publications are aimed to draw attention to the problem, assess the effectiveness of reforms, predict possible successes and failures of the reform. The prospect of further research is to study the issues of reform by other online publications, to carry out a comparative analysis of publications.

Key words: reform, online edition, social change, reform strategy.

Стаття надійшла до редакції 03.11.2020.

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The article is devoted to the study of materials of Ukrainian periodicals during the Nazi occupation as important components of coverage of local lore life of the population of Ternopil region during the war. The purpose of the study is а general review of the press during the German occupation of the region and a study of the problem-thematic component of the materials of the local history spectrum on the pages of these publications. The relevance of the study is that this press has recently become available to scholars, so this group of periodicals to this day remains poorly studied in journalism. It is shown that in the materials of local lore the geographical, economic, historical and literary-artistic themes are singled out as dominant. The conducted study showed that local lore in the periodicals of Ternopil region in 1941–1944 was one of the leading, through which the achievements of national thought were spread.

Key words: Ternopil region, periodicals, German occupation, local lore topics, newspaper publications, historical and local lore discourse.

UDC 007 : 070(477.84)«1941/1944»

Ternopil press of 1941–1944: Local History aspect

Peleshok Olga, PhD Student,
Volodymyr Hnatiuk Ternopil National Pedagogical University, 2, Maxyma Kryvonosa St., Ternopil, 46027, Ukraine, е-mail: [email protected]
ORCID – https: //orcid.org/0000-0002-9844-4480

Introduction. Recent years, local lore issues have been widely articulated in the media discourse, in which the process of rethinking of the historical and local lore narrative and the search for national identity continues.
Relevance and purpose. The purpose of the study is a general review of the press during the German occupation of the region and a study of the problem-thematic component of the materials of the local history spectrum on the pages of these publications. The relevance of the study is that this press has recently become available to scholars, so this group of periodicals to this day remains poorly studied in journalism.
Methodology. The methodological basis was a systematic and comprehensive approach to the study of the publishing heritage of the district «Galychyna» and the Reich Commissariat of Ukraine using general and special methods of theoretical and empirical levels. Among the main: historical, analysis and synthesis, content analysis, induction and generalization. The monitoring method was used to form a sample of materials.
Results. During the analyzed period (1941–1944), nine newspaper publications were published on the territory of the present-day Ternopil region. Local lore publications have become very popular on the pages of these publications, in which geographical, economic, historical and literary-artistic themes are singled out. Geographical topics were formed by newspaper publications, the object of which was the nature of the region as a whole and its individual components. The economic materials drew attention to the economic history of the region. The most extensive of the local lore narratives is the historical theme, which contained materials about famous historical figures of the region. Literary and artistic themes are represented by publications about the literary process of the region. Among other materials in the field of local lore, publications that cover the issue of Crimea’s belonging to Ukraine attract attention.
Conclusions. A review of local lore in the periodicals of Ternopil region in 1941–1944 shows that it has always been one of the leading, through which the achievements of national thought were spread. The analyzed journals are important sources for studying the history of Ternopil region as one of the regional components of Ukraine, cover the problems of formation and development of local lore of the region during the occupation, are a direct source for historians, local historians, librarians, writers.

Key words: Ternopil region, periodicals, German occupation, local lore topics, newspaper publications, historical and local lore discourse.

Стаття надійшла до редакції 26.10.2020.

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The aim of this study is to determine the content characteristics of the articles on the Ukrainian topics in the context of publications of the newspaper «Pchiolka» [«Bee»] (Odesa, 1881), which was selected as the main object of the study. Cognitive and educational content of the local mass media (democratization of life in Europe and Russia, features of women’s education in the late XIX century, fiction publications) was a favorable basis for the materials on Ukrainian issues. There were 7 publications in 17 issues (written be K-vych, S. E, O. Andrievsky), which defended the identity of the Ukrainian language and literature (figures of T. Shevchenko, I. Nechuy-Levytsky), stressed the need to lift bans on the introduction of the native language in education, business, religious life.

Key words: Odesa periodicals, Ukrainian issues, ban on the Ukrainian language, popular literature.

UDC 007 : 304 : 070 (477) (09)

Ukrainian issues on the pages of the Odesa newspaper «Pchiolka» [«Bee»] (1881)

Sydorenko Natalya, D. Sc. (Philology), Professor,
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, the Institute of Journalism, 36/1, Yu. Illenka St., Kyiv, 004119, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected]
ORCID iD 0000-0001-8734-9704
Dubetska Oksana, PhD (Social Communications),
M. Dragomanov National Pedagogical University, Malyshko faculty of Ukrainian Philology and Literary Creativity, Turgenevska str., 8/14, Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected]
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8602-6417

The aim of the study is to define the content characteristics of the articles on the Ukrainian topics in the context of publications of the newspaper «Pchiolka» [«Bee»] (Odesa, 1881), which was selected as the main object of the study. Cognitive and educational content of the local mass media (democratization of life in Europe and Russia, features of women’s education in the late XIX century, fiction publications) was a favorable basis for the materials on Ukrainian issues.
Methods. The research used the methods of thematic press clipping in finding the necessary texts, biographical method for determining the authorship of publications and deciphering pseudonyms, analysis and interpretation of articles and reviews, as well as generalization.
Results. The editor of the newspaper and then the magazine «Pchiolka» was a nobleman of the Kherson province, a lawyer by profession V. Kirchner, who in the leading article of the first issue of his edition (1881) promised to publish everything that shows a «true and honest attitude to the public activities». 7 publications in 17 issues were analyzed (written by K-vych, S. E, O. Andrievsky), which defended the identity of the Ukrainian language and literature (figures of T. Shevchenko, I. Nechuy-Levytsky), stressed the need to lift bans on the introduction of the native language in education, business, religious life. The authors of the newspaper «Pchiolka» not only defended the identity of the Ukrainian language and literature, but also hardily used the terms Ukraine and Ukrainian.
Conclusions. The materials of this study show that local periodicals in Ukraine are still poorly understood. Additional searches are also needed to find out the pseudonyms of employees and contributors to the newspaper «Pchiolka» (for instance, K-vych, Natalia P-a, Kv., etc.), because, as evidenced by the Ukrainian issues, today the names of the authors of six publications in Odesa are not recognized.

Key words: Odesa periodicals, Ukrainian issues, ban on the Ukrainian language, popular literature.

Стаття надійшла до редакції 01.09.2020

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The purpose of the article is to investigate the diversity of printed political advertising during the 2020 local elections to determine the methods and forms of its socio-communicative impact on the electorate. The source base – printed campaign materials distributed in the Sumy region. The relevance of the chosen theme determines the study of dialogue between candidates, current politicians and voters. Іn the process of research, іt was identified the diversity of printed political advertising during the election campaign, it was found that political advertisements in leaflets, booklets, newsletters, brochures was dominated in this period. The peculiarity of print political advertising is that political parties and their leaders tried to use it to form the communication desired by the political candidates themselves, thus influencing the consciousness, opinion and choice of the electorate.

Key words: information aggression, media sphere, network mass media, propaganda content, «robotic» e-resource.

UDC 007 : 304 : 070

Network content as a factor of information aggression

Bradov Volodymyr, PhD (economy), Assoc. prof.,
University of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, 31, Universytetska str., Irpin city in Kiev Region, 08201, Ukraine, e-mail:[email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2538-9078

Introduction. The creation of a powerful information and propaganda complex as a result of external aggression by Russia in the temporarily occupied territories of eastern Ukraine allows the «DPR» occupation administration to set the necessary information agenda and provide its own interpretation of regional and national events.
Relevance of the study. To counteract information aggression, it is important to determine the features of the «DPR» media sphere as a translator of propaganda content. The purpose of scientific intelligence is to study in this aspect the network segment of separatist mass media.
Methodology. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: monitoring, observation, generalization – to outline the characteristics of network media; qualitative, synthetic comparative, critical, expert, content analysis – to determine the features of their content; grouping of disparate data – to clarify the formation specifics of the propaganda content array.
Results. During the study period, the creation of a flow of propaganda content on a network basis was characterized by a certain system – the content of each «DPR» Internet resources was aimed at a specific audience: the population in the conflict zone, other regions of Ukraine; citizens of Russia and the near abroad; the international community. Not only the territorial but also the thematic aspect was taken into account.
The process of creating a propaganda flow was characterized by processability. The vast majority of the analyzed sites are non-template and user-friendly; there is a possibility of free, unconditionable viewing and copying of any information posted on the sites. Processability can be traced in cases of using «robotic» sites for the formation of anti-Ukrainian content.
In general, the «DPR» network resources, declared as «independent sources of information» in terms of objective coverage of the situation in the temporarily occupied Donbass territories, in reality have all the hallmarks of propaganda mouthpieces, and the content they broadcast to the audience is a factor in information aggression development.
Conclusions. Further use of the research results is possible to create effective communication structures in order to obtain a strategic information advantage in the region and ensure the full realization of national interests.

Key words: information aggression, media sphere, network mass media, propaganda content, «robotic» e-resource.

Стаття надіслана до редакції 10.11.2020

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The purpose of the article is to investigate the diversity of printed political advertising during the 2020 local elections to determine the methods and forms of its socio-communicative impact on the electorate. The source base – printed campaign materials distributed in the Sumy region. The relevance of the chosen theme determines the study of dialogue between candidates, current politicians and voters. Іn the process of research, іt was identified the diversity of printed political advertising during the election campaign, it was found that political advertisements in leaflets, booklets, newsletters, brochures was dominated in this period. The peculiarity of print political advertising is that political parties and their leaders tried to use it to form the communication desired by the political candidates themselves, thus influencing the consciousness, opinion and choice of the electorate.

Key words: political advertising printed publishing products, socio-communicative influence, election campaign.

UDC 007 : 304 : 659

Printed political advertising: methods and forms of socio-communicative influence on the electorate

Taran Liudmyla, lecturer,
Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, 36, E. Konovalets St., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected]
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8380-7982

Introduction. The election campaign, which lasted from September to October 2020, was a period when the information space was flooded with information related to political parties, their leaders, mayoral candidates, and candidates for local government. Political advertising should be singled out among all published information. Printed campaign materials distributed in the Sumy region formed the source base of the study.
Relevance of the study. The purpose of the article is to investigate the diversity of printed political advertising during the 2020 local elections to determine the methods and forms of its socio-communicative impact on the electorate. The relevance of the chosen theme determines the study of dialogue between candidates, current politicians and voters.
Methodology. The following methods were used to achieve the goal: comparative-typological (clarified the diversity of printed propaganda products and forms of its presentation), content analysis (selected and analyzed the presented printed political advertising), synthesis and generalization.
Results. The most common printed materials of the 2020 election campaign in the Sumy region include information letters, advertising leaflets, booklets, brochures, prospectus, newsletters, address letters, posters, calendars, etc. All subjects of the election process tried to form an image of the desired future, regardless of the realism of their tasks. Printed propaganda products were most actively distributed by the following political forces: «Batkivshchyna/Homeland», «Za maibutnie/For the Future», «Sluha narodu/Servant of the People», «Yevropeiska Solidarnist/European Solidarity», «Opozytsiina Platforma – Za zhyttia/Opposition Platform – For Life», «Nash Krai/Our region», «Propozytsiia/Proposal», «Svoboda/Freedom», «Ahrarna Partiia Ukrainy/Agrarian Party of Ukraine».
Conclusions. The political forces that took part in the election campaign did not neglect the manipulative methods of socio-communicative influence on the electorate. Through printed political advertising, they tried to form the communication desired by the political candidates themselves, thus influencing the consciousness, opinion and choice of the electorate. The most common methods of manipulative influence: submission of samples of filling in ballots; emotional impact on voters to move or reinforce negativity; selection of thought leaders; self-praise; promises to build the desired future, etc.

Key words: political advertising printed publishing products, socio-communicative influence, election campaign.

Стаття надійшла до редакції 30.10.2020

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The article examines the role of the political series in the 2019 election process in Ukraine in the context of strengthening the mediatization of Ukrainian and world politics. The role of the media in political processes is analyzed. Particular attention is paid to cinema as a means of influencing the political consciousness of the audience as a potential electorate. There are parallels with American political films and TV series. It is concluded that the mediatization of the political sphere in Ukraine has only deepened, as evidenced by the fact that only in Ukraine the script of the political series was realized. At the same time, the success of the series in the Ukrainian election process is a kind of evidence of the effectiveness of American policy of «soft power» and the widespread use of mythologies in American cinema.

Key words: cinema, TV series, «Servant of the People», mediatization of politics, hot and cold media.

UDC 007 : 304 : 316.77

Mediatization of the political process in Ukraine: cinematographic aspect

Temchur Karyna, PhD Student,
Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Dnipro, 13, Naykova Str., 49050, Ukraine, email: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6162-7614.

Introduction. Any political process uses documentaries and feature films to promote and impose the policies of the ruling party. In the last two decades, political series about the activities of presidents and their administrations have become widespread. At the same time, such series appear during the presidential campaigns and long before their beginning to form voter tolerance for the new type of presidents.
The purpose of the article is to find out the role of political series and films (including the political series «Servant of the People») in strengthening the mediatization of Ukrainian politics.
Relevance of the study. In Ukraine, in a single country, the political series not only influenced the election results, but was embodied in reality, which indicates the intensification of mediatization of the political sphere.
The research methodology is based on the application of analytical-synthetic method (for analysis of cinema features with further comparison and generalization of the obtained results), descriptive method (for description of interaction of political and media systems in
Ukraine) and comparison method (for analogies between Ukrainian political series and USA political series).
Results. It has been found that the media, in particular cinema, are able not only to reflect reality, but also to create it on their own. This is facilitated by such features of the media as mobility, accessibility, high speed of dissemination of information to a wide audience, and so on.
The special features of cinema that distinguish it from other media and determine its influence on the political consciousness of the population is its ability to influence the emotional sphere, pretend to be real, evoke empathy, divide the characters into «bad» and «good». For this reason, the cinema of the USSR, the Third Reich and the United States pays great attention to the formation of images of heroes who are identified with the political system of the country.
At the same time, the United States has repeatedly used TV series to create a loyal attitude to the new type of president on the eve of the election and long before it.
Conclusions. It is concluded that the mediatization of the political sphere in Ukraine has only deepened, as evidenced by the fact that only in Ukraine the script of the political series was realized. The success of The Servant of the People is a testament to the effectiveness of the United States soft power policy and the widespread use of mythology in American cinema.

Key words: cinema, TV series, «Servant of the People», mediatization of politics, «hot» and «cold» media.

Стаття надійшла до редакції 05.11.2020

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