Issue 2 (42) ’ 2023

Changes in the world media space are actively studied by scholars of many leading universities, and are part of the research of well-known humanitarians. Their review, carried out in this article, contributes to the comparison with the situation in the Ukrainian segment. The Ukrainian media space, as evidenced by the works of individual scholars of Ukrainian universities and analysts of the non-governmental organization “Ukrainian Media and Communication Institute”, is also undergoing significant changes in many directions. The analysis of these studies showed the problems of printed newspapers, and the positive and negative displays of Telegram and TikTok content.
Keywords: TikTok, content, media, misinformation, video.

UDC: 007 : 304 : 659.3

Nosova Bogdana, PhD, Associate Professor,
Educational and Scientific Institute of Journalism, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Kyiv, Ukraine), Ukraine, 01601, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6692-173X.
Moroni Chiara, PhD, Adjunct Professor,
Department of Humanities, Communication and Tourism, University of Tuscia (Viterbo, Italy), Italy, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7010-7937.
Boccolini Alessandro, PhD, Associate Professor,
Department of Humanities, Communication and Tourism, University of Tuscia (Viterbo, Italy), Italy, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2677-6897.
Spinelli Elisa, PhD, Research Fellow, Radio Unitus Editor-in-Chief,
Department of Humanities, Communication and Tourism, University of Tuscia (Viterbo, Italy), Italy, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7791-3436

Changes in Media Landscape: the Popularity of Telegram and TikTok

Introduction. This article continues the interdisciplinary study of traditional and new media: their complementarity and instrumental combination, as well as narrative interactions and communicative coexistence. In Ukrainian segment, this topic is studied fragmentarily. In some areas, we will rely on the experience of Italian media. Ukrainian high-quality convergent newspapers and one of the oldest Italian newspapers “Corriere della Sera” were reviewed. It is also about those TikTok studies in the English-speaking world, which are absent in the Ukrainian academic environment.
Relevance of the study. In a situation where the number of printed newspapers is decreasing and the popularity of Telegram and TikTok is increasing, there is a need to conduct a synthesized study of this issue. This is the innovation of the research. Thanks to this approach, it was possible to confirm our hypothesis about the need for a national newspaper as a convergent media.
Methodology. The method of scientific analysis was used in the review of Ukrainian and Italian media. This made it possible to identify the features of the content of these media and make their comparative characteristics. Techniques of discursive analysis were used to describe studies of Telegram channels and TikTok. This provided an opportunity to analyze the state of print media and security challenges associated with the growing popularity of services as Telegram and TikTok, and the use of these platforms to popularize convergent media.
Results. Thanks to the use of the inductive method, it was possible to analyze existing international studies of these social media, thereby introducing new concepts into academic discussion. The article reflects the state of the Ukrainian segment of TikTok and the problematic nature of its study. At the same time, the use of this service by people with special educational needs is being studied. When writing the article, the materials of the Ivan Fedorov Book Chamber of Ukraine, Kyiv International Institute of Sociology sociological surveys, and research on social media by US scholars were analyzed and used.
Conclusions. The conclusions are focused on the need to have a newspaper as part of the state’s image, as a provider of quality analytics, meaningful opinion journalism, and verified news. The article also emphasizes the need for further study of TikTok’s communication capabilities and its functional features. Attention has been drawn to the safe use of the Telegram channel for news reporting.
Keywords: TikTok, content, media, misinformation, video.

The article has been sent to the editors 29.06.2023
Recommended for publication 09.09.2023

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The study examines the dynamics of hate speech spread in the Telegram channels of leading Kremlin propagandists during Russian full-scale invasion. Computer analysis is used to search for keywords that indicate the use of hate speech, as well as collocation analysis and semantic analysis. The research material was the most popular telegram channels of leading Russian propagandists (category “political journalists and columnists”): Solovyov, Simonyan, Voenkor Kotenok Z. Analysis of the words mentions dynamics shows that the topic of “Nazism / Fascism” has similar bursts of attention for all three. Therefore, before the invasion in January 2022, single mentions were recorded, but in March-April there was a significant increase. At the end of April, when the Russians left Northern Ukraine and it became obvious that they would not be able to capture the territory of Ukraine, the number of mentions dropped significantly. The percentage of keywords remained quite high in the Summer, but continued to decrease until the retreat of the Russians from Kharkiv and Kherson regions.
Keywords: Russian propaganda, telegram, content analysis, collocations, hate speech.

UDC 070.14:32.019.5(470+571)]:355.48((470+571):477)

The dynamics of hate speech spreading on the telegram-channels of the kremlin propagandists

Steblyna Nataliia, D.Sc. (Political Science), Associate Professor,
Vasul Stus Donetks National University, Ukraine, е-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9799-9786

Introduction. Telegram is the most popular social network for consuming news in Ukraine. However, in a full-scale invasion, Kremlin propagandists are trying to use popular digital platforms to promote hostile narratives.
Relevance of the study. Monitoring the most popular Telegram channels is an extremely demanding task. It is important to detect the signs of propaganda content, to study the dynamics of its distribution in order to effectively counter the numerous information operations of the enemy.
Research objective is to propose a mechanism (computer analysis of texts in the Telegram channels of leading Russian propagandists) for detecting hate speech usage, describe the dynamics of harmful content spread and to define its formal signs.
Methodology. Computer analysis is used to search for keywords that indicate the use of hate speech, as well as collocation analysis and semantic analysis. The research material was the most popular telegram channels of leading Russian propagandists: Solovyov, Simonyan, Voenkor Kotenok Z.
Results. Analysis of the mentions dynamics shows that the topic of «Nazism / Fascism» has similar bursts of attention for all three propagandists. Before the invasion single mentions were recorded, but in March-April there was a significant increase. At the end of April, when the Russians left Northern Ukraine, the number of mentions dropped significantly. The percentage of keywords remained quite high in the summer, but continued to decrease until the retreat of the Russians from Kharkiv and Kherson regions. Analysis of collocations showed that when highlighting the topic of «Nazism / Fascism», Russian propagandists most often associate it with Ukraine.
Conclusions. The study showed that the hate speech towards Ukraine in the Telegram channels of popular Russian propagandists has its own dynamics. The number of posts with hate speech increases or decreases depending on the situation on the front lines. The organized nature of the hate speech spread can be considered as a formal feature of Russian propaganda and to help identify it in further research.
Keywords: Russian propaganda, telegram, content analysis, collocations, hate speech.

The article has been sent to the editors 01.07.2023
Recommended for publication 09.09.2023

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In the article analyzed how the work of Ukrainian YouTube channels covering the topics of culture, art, and history has changed in the period from February 24, 2022 to February 24, 2023. This article presents the results of a qualitative-quantitative content analysis of ten Ukrainian YouTube channels covering cultural and artistic topics. The authors of all analyzed channels regularly created content with the aim of combating propaganda narratives, fakes, opposing Russian aggression through culture in the world, popularizing the rich heritage of Ukrainian artists and cultural figures. Recorded monthly indicators of the number of subscribers and views during the research period on each of the analyzed channels. The positive dynamics of the growth of indicators on all channels was revealed, which proves a significant increase in the audience’s interest in their own culture, art and history
Keywords: cultural and artistic content, Youtube, full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, cultural journalism.

UDC 008:070: 39+7.06 (364)

Ukrainian cultural and artistic Youtube channels during the first year of the war of the Russian invasion of Ukraine

Lytvynenko Anastasia, PhD (social communicates),
Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University, Educational and Scientific Institute of Journalism, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1375-5202.

Introductions. The destruction of Ukrainian culture is a key element of Russian aggression. Falsification of Ukrainian history is a common tactic of the Russian Federation in its efforts to undermine Ukraine’s independence, as it seeks to deny the existence of Ukrainian identity and delegitimize its right to statehood, language, and culture. Therefore, the role of cultural content in Ukraine during a full-scale war is indeed of strategic importance.
The aim of study. The purpose of the study is to analyze the transformations in the work of Ukrainian YouTube channels covering culture, art, and history after the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. Among the tasks of the research: to identify changes in the content of Ukrainian-language YouTube channels on cultural and artistic topics after February 24, 2022, to track how the indicators of the number of views and the number of subscribers on the selected YouTube channel changed during the research period.
Methodology. The main method is content analysis. All videos on the 10 YouTube channels, published after February 24, 2022 – the date of the start of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, and up to and including February 24, 2023 – were processed. Using the quantitative method, on the last day of each month, the indicators of the number of subscribers and views of each of the ten analyzed channels were recorded.
Results and conclusions. Content analysis of 10 Youtube channels showed that their authors adapted the content to the realities of wartime. In addition, the results of the increase in the number of subscribers and views of each channel, the audience showed the need of society for such content. During the year of the war, authors of Youtube channels created hundreds of hours of content to combat propaganda narratives, fakes, oppose Russian aggression through culture in the world, and popularize the heritage of Ukrainian artists and cultural figures.
Keywords: cultural and artistic content, Youtube, full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, cultural journalism.

The article has been sent to the editors 01.07.2023
Recommended for publication 09.09.2023

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In the scientific investigation the components of V. Zdoroveha’s journalistic skill concept and V. Buriak’s “creative consciousness” have been determined. The creative process as an information organization system is found to be of a reasonably valuable nature and the manifestation of modern information thinking. The role of intellectual dominance in the process of working with facts in the conscious space is revealed, and the conditions for fact subjectivization are outlined. The author establishes the role of the journalist’s informational-artistic consciousness in the process of artistic and journalistic interpretation of contemporary events from the perspective of a democratic society and democratic journalism demands. The author suggests that informational intellectualism, according to V. Buriak, is a consciously creative addition to V. Zdoroveha’s concept of journalistic skills.
Keywords: journalistic skills, information and creative consciousness, information intellectualism, image.

UDC: 070.42:005.336.4

V. Buriak’s information intellectualism as a component of V. Zdoroveha’s journalistic skill concept

Senkevich Hennadii, PhD (Social Communications), Associate Professor,
University of Customs and Finance, Dnipro, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0528-8210.

Introduction. The relevance of the research is conditioned by the need to holistically study the results for theoretical investigations by the well-known journalism theorists in terms of paradigm shifts in journalism and the transformation of “journalistic skills” definition which happened over the past decades.
Against this background, a natural question arises as regards having a positive effect on an author’s creation, that enables developing the highest forms of the information and artistic expression and interpretation of a fact. According to V. Yo. Zdoroveha, such main characteristics of creativity as novelty, and the shattering of stereotypes should come out from journalists’ perception activities, and the movement of creative consciousness towards the new forms and methods of the reality interpretation. His concept was further extended by V. D. Buriak, who introduced the concept of “information intellectualism”, which made it possible to consider regular processes in terms of postmodern thinking.
The purpose of the article is an attempt to recognize information intellectualism as a conscious and creative addition to the well-known concept of V. Zdorovega and one of the main criteria in assessing the level of professional skill of a journalist.
Research methods. Using analysis (including a content analysis), synthesis, generalization, comparison, and other methods we specified the elements of journalistic creativity as a gradual path to journalistic skills in V. Yo. Zdoroveha and V. D. Buriak’s studies. In particular, by means of the comparison analysis we have identified patterns as regards the development of journalistic skills in the constant media environment; the synthesis method allowed us to combine several characteristics contributing to information intellectualism into one matrix; the generalization method we used to formulate general conclusions; we applied the logical, chronological, and historical methods to trace V. Yo. Zdoroveha’s concept transformation, taking into account V. D. Buriak’s scientific conclusions.
Thanks to the above-mentioned methods, the author built a research algorithm, which provided for the consistent tracking of the transformation of the well-known concept of journalistic skill towards the intellectualization of the author’s consciousness, which is an absolute requirement of the time. At the same time, the prospect of further addition and expression of the conceptual foundations of journalistic work according to V. Zdrovega appeared.
Conclusions and research perspectives. Journalistic skills as the highest manifestation of journalistic creativity should always be monitored by both scientists and editors, as well as by the entire journalistic community, because the journalistic skills were noted by V. Yo. Zdoroveha to be not only the movement of creative consciousness towards the new forms and methods of the reality interpretation, but the result of the active involvement in solving social problems. That is why information intellectualism, introduced by V. D. Buriak, as a manifestation of information and creative perception, should become the main evaluation criterion for creative journalistic activities. To become a true journalist, one should consistently combine the moral and civic qualities with the psychological and literary components, provided that a high-level information intellectualism in journalism is essential.
Interpreting the views on journalistic activity like that, the author suggests considering V. Yo. Zdoroveha’s concept as the leading one for evaluating journalistic skills. V. D. Buriak widened the concept, completed it with new definitions and a new dimension. His concept of information polyphony, which is enriched with the advent of new media, can become an extension of the “creative consciousness” theory.
The author also suggests that modern journalism can lean in that direction amid the rapid media transformation. The issues raised in this study still remain undetermined to evaluate the professional activities of bloggers, rewriters, copywriters, as well as new networks users.
Keywords: journalistic skills, information and creative consciousness, information intellectualism, image.

The article has been sent to the editors 12.06.2023
Recommended for publication 09.09.2023

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The article examines the people’s cultural code in the media space. It is defined that the cultural code is a constituent of people’s culture, reflection of their worldview and an indicator of their national identity. The results of the study prove that the current focus of the development of the people’s cultural code is the online media space, within which the cultural code is rapidly and expressively realised due to a wide range of opportunities provided by the Internet. However, the modern Ukrainian blogosphere has certain limitations that force bloggers to constantly change their approaches to the development of the people’s cultural code in Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook.
Keywords: cultural code, Ukrainian blogosphere, media space, online space, blogger.

UDC 32.019.51:(004.774.6БЛОГ+070.11)](477):316.7(=161.2)

Problems of the Ukrainian blogosphere in the context of the development of the people’s cultural code

Sergieieva Anna, Phd student,
Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University, Educational and Scientific Institute of Journalism, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4141-4628.

Introduction. The media space is one of the least studied sources of the cultural code, representing reels, posts and stories that broadcast cultural code at verbal and non-verbal levels.
Relevance of the study. Various scholars addressed the issues of culture code, but less attention is paid to studying the problems of the development of the people’s cultural code in the media space. The purpose of our research is to define the problems of the development of the people’s cultural code in the Ukrainian blogosphere.
Methodology. The main research method is analysis of scientific literature on the research problem; survey to study the opinions of Ukrainian bloggers regarding problems of the development of the people’s cultural code in the media environment; content analysis of blogs to identify existing problems.
Results. The results of the survey indicate that Ukrainian bloggers in TikTok, Instagram and Facebook publish content of a national and cultural direction, through which patriotic, national and cultural values are broadcast, developing the people’s cultural code. At the same time, they face certain difficulties, mostly related to the policies of the social networks.
Conclusions. The results of the study of the problems of the Ukrainian blogosphere in the context of the development of the people’s cultural code indicate that some part of Ukrainian bloggers face a number of restrictions in the online media environment, which force them to carefully select content for their blogs and monitor the status of their accounts. The perspective of further research consists in studying the markers of cultural code in the Instagram, Facebook and TikTok media space, as well as in the formation of an actual structural model of cultural code.
Keywords: cultural code, Ukrainian blogosphere, media space, online space, development of the people’s cultural code, blogger.

The article has been sent to the editors 29.06.2023
Recommended for publication 09.09.2023

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The article analyses documentaries and journalistic videos about the siege of Mariupol during the Russian-Ukrainian war. The authors have reviewed and systematized studies on documentaries by foreign and domestic scholars. Ten documentaries and eight journalistic videos about the siege of Mariupol were analysed. The features of the films are identified, in particular, attention is paid to symbols, the image of the hero, and the image of the author. The features of documentaries and journalistic stories were compared by the following criteria: duration, method of collecting information, specific features of video materials, choice of characters, and journalistic techniques. The documentaries about the siege of Mariupol include footage of citizens from social media, journalists and photographers who took their archives out of the city, etc.
Keywords: documentary, television writing on current affairs, journalistic image, communications in a siege of the city.

UDC 007:070.009.7.097

Television writing on current affairs and documentaries in the coverage of the siege of Mariupol

Melnykova-Kurhanova Olena,,
PhD (Social Communications), Associate Professor,
National Aviation University, Kyiv, Ukraine, 03058, email: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1364-0264.
Yatchuk Olha,
PhD (Social Communications), Associate Professor,
University of Customs and Finance, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49000, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5642-9450.

Introduction. Coverage of war through video recording of facts and events, eyewitness testimonies, including those of victims and survivors, is an important tool for attracting the attention of the audience. The combination of a publicistic image and a proof picture, factual basis, expressive and convincing characters helps to immerse the viewer in the reality of a certain period, to feel like an accomplice to the event, an interlocutor, and to be imbued with compassion, in particular, this applies to Mariupol under the siege.
The aim of the study is to identify the peculiarities of television publicism and documentary in the context of covering the siege of Mariupol during the war.
The object of the study is documentaries and publicistic television essays about the siege of Mariupol in the Russian-Ukrainian war, which were broadcast from March 2022 to June 2023. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of Ukrainian television publicism and documentary in covering the tragedy of a city under siege, using the example of Mariupol.
Research methods. To study the peculiarities of documentaries and television publicism, the researchers used monitoring to find and systematise documentaries and TV stories from March 2022 to June 2023. The main films about the siege of Mariupol were examined using the descriptive method, and the features, techniques and tools used in documentaries and journalistic films were compared using the comparative method.
Results. The documentaries about the siege of Mariupol include footage from social media, journalists and photographers who took their archives, aerial footage, etc. In some stories, footage taken by the occupiers was used, but the footage was verified and used in the films after being checked for authenticity.
Conclusions. Thus, the documentaries use creative publicistic tools that helped to connect several stories: quotes from an eyewitness diary, drawing a picture of Mariupol, and getting a tattoo with the inscription Mariupol. The image of the author is embodied with the help of a narrator, for example, the city “I am Mariupol”, the author of the diary, a witness, and the journalist himself, who is a Mariupol resident.
Key words: documentary, television journalism, journalistic image, communications in a siege of the city.

The article has been sent to the editors 23.06.2023
Recommended for publication 09.09.2023

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In Ukraine, the women’s mass media market is saturated. Both foreign and Ukrainian publications are available to Ukrainian women. There are traditional print magazines and their online counterparts, and there are web-only women’s magazines that can only be read online. It is online women’s magazines that are the object of our research.
During the research, we did not manage to find works that specifically related to the research of Ukrainian online magazines, nor were we able to find any figures about their exact number, which are updated and read by Ukrainian women. Therefore, during the research, it was necessary to first find out the exact number of women’s online magazines and their names, to which modern classifications can be classified, and what content they publish. This need was caused by the fact that for qualitative research it is necessary to select Ukrainian women’s online magazines. The content of Ukrainian online women’s magazines was also analyzed. As a result of the research there were singled out 54 online media for women, which update their content at least once a month. These resources are called as internet magazines, online magazines, women’s magazines. A content analysis of the media obtained as a result of the search was carried out. The media obtained as a result of the search were analyzed according to the following criteria: update frequency, publication language, site interface, rubric, topic of materials, structure of publications and their genres. As a result of the analysis of women’s online magazines for Ukrainian women, it was found that the editors, when creating content, focus on the needs of the audience and the trends prevailing in society. The content of such publications is interesting, light, entertaining, useful, but there are also magazines that raise complex of important socio-political topics. The sites of women’s magazines publish a lot of news about the lives of showbiz stars, advice on self-care, news from the world of fashion, recipes, life stories, etc.
Keywords: women’s magazines, online magazines, online media, press for women, magazines for Ukrainian women.

UDC: 070.489-055.2

Ukrainian online magazines for women: types, quantity and their features

Mudra Iryna, PhD (Social Communications), Associate Professor, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8410-5437.
Kitsa Mariana, PhD (Social Communications), Associate Professor, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0704-5012.
Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine

Introduction. With the development of the Internet, traditional women’s magazines created their own web pages and published materials. A women’s magazine is not so much about the magazine as a printed product, but about the content it contains. Therefore, new women’s online magazines appear every year and less popular ones disappear. Women’s online magazines (online publications) include publications that operate only on the Internet and do not have printed counterparts, which are engaged in the preparation and distribution of information addressed to a female audience.
Relevance of the study. During the research, we did not manage to find works that specifically related to the research of Ukrainian online magazines, nor were we able to find any figures about their exact number, which are updated and read by Ukrainian women. Therefore, the topic is relevant.
Methodology. During the research, general scientific methods of analysis and generalization were used. The method of content analysis helped to clarify the topics of Ukrainian women’s online magazines, their genres and specifics were highlighted. The comparison method was also used in the analysis of publications. The grouping method was applied when forming a list of network logs. And with the help of the descriptive method, the research results were formed.
Results. During the research, 30 Ukrainian women’s online magazines were found. These magazines are named as online magazines or women’s magazines. They are different in content and design. The peculiarity and difference of women’s online magazines from traditional ones is that they are updated several times a day, the size of their publications is usually small, 1000-2000 characters, materials up to 3000 thousand characters appear rarely. Publications of online magazines contain several pictures, as well as videos. Regarding the language of the publication, there is a part that is published exclusively in Ukrainian (“Ukrainky”, “Women’s World”, “Your World” and others), and a part only in Russian (“LadyHealth”, “Stringi” and others), and there are bilingual ones (in Ukrainian and Russian). Three magazines on this list stopped being updated in 2022, namely Fragile, Wanna, and Zerept.com.
Conclusions. Women’s online magazines occupy a significant part of the media market in Ukraine. In 2022, 30 Ukrainian online magazines for women were updated. Such editions are different in content, frequency and design, and are also directed for different age categories of Ukrainian women and their social status and preferences. The content varies accordingly: from important socio-political topics to news from the world of fashion and beauty. They are also updated differently: from several times a day to once a month. The genre palette of online women’s magazines is also diverse.
Keywords: women’s magazines, online magazines, online media, press for women, magazines for Ukrainian women.

The article has been sent to the editors 03.05.2023
Recommended for publication 09.09.2023

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The goal of the research is to analyze the problem-thematic components of specialized medical periodicals and continuing editions of Naddnipryanska Ukraine during the First World War (1914–1918), to find out the peculiarities of their occurrence, to introduce the specified press into scientific circulation. The relevance is formed by the lack of a comprehensive study of the activities of the specialized newspaper and magazine medical press of the specified period, its systematization, and problem-thematic priorities. The research gives reasons to state that during this period, 6 editions were published, which, based on typological characteristics, we include in the military-medical press. Their pages were dominated by messages related to the struggle for the lives of the wounded and the organization of military medical aid. These publications played one of the leading roles in the representation of military reality.
Keywords: information space, specialized press, medicine, topic, problematics, typology.

UDC 007 : 304 : 070 «1914/1918»

Medical press of the First World War period: Construction of social reality

Sadivnychyi Volodymyr, D.Sc. (Social Communications), Professor,
Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine, е-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4163-8954

Introduction. The First World War is a forgotten and completely unhonored page in the history of Ukraine. Instead, events and facts related to it are actively investigated in many European countries. In journalism and journalism studies, the topic of activity of specialized newspaper and magazine editions of medical topics was not investigated in that period, therefore, a picture of the emergence, formation, and development of such a press was not created, and its systematization was not carried out.
Relevance and goal. The goal of the research is to analyze the problem-thematic components of specialized medical periodicals and continuing publications of the First World War period (1914–1918), to find out the peculiarities of their emergence and activity, and to introduce the specified press into scientific circulation. The relevance is formed by the lack of a comprehensive study of the activities of the specialized newspaper and magazine medical press of the specified period, its systematization, and problem-thematic priorities.
Methodology. Descriptive methods are used as a basis during the research, which allows us to penetrate the causes of this or that phenomenon, find out the main stages of its development, the influence of a specific situation on the nature of events and phenomena; and compare local phenomena with general historical processes. Based on the periodization of the history of the development of the Ukrainian press proposed by the Research Institute of Press Studies, the study focuses on the fifth period – Ukrainian periodicals of the First World War 1914–1917.
Results. The beginning of the First World War led to the closure of many publications. This was caused by increased censorship and financial problems of publishers. However, new periodicals also appeared during this period. In particular, 6 editions of military-medical topics were published: «Voenno-sanitarnii obzor» (1917), «Vrachebno-sanitarnie izvestiya Upravleniya Glavnoupolnomochennogo Krasnogo Kresta Yugo-Zapadnogo fronta» (1916–1918), «Izvestiya Kievskoi rentgenovskoi komissii» (1915–1917), «Nash zhurnal» (1917), «Nashe slovo» (1917), «Pomoshch ranenim» (1914). The thematically mentioned editions focused primarily on essential problems that arose in society with the development of military operations. The authors focused on the treatment of injuries from new ballistic weapons, rapid-fire machine guns, gas gangrene, damage by mustard gas and chlorine, the spread of epidemic diseases on the fronts, etc.
Conclusions. The research gives reasons to state that during this period, 6 editions were published, which, based on typological characteristics, we include in the military-medical press. Their pages were dominated by messages related to the struggle for the lives of the wounded and the organization of military medical aid. These publications played one of the leading roles in the representation of military reality.
Keywords: information space, specialized press, medicine, topic, problematics, typology.

The article has been sent to the editors 12.06.2023
Recommended for publication 09.09.2023

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The article is dedicated to the situational communication of food industry brands during a state of war, with the authors using the analysis of product name changes as an example. The expression of civic position through the naming of products by food producers has intensified with the beginning of full-scale Russian aggression on the territory of Ukraine. Considering this, it is considered relevant to investigate the structure of creating situational pragmatonyms and evaluate the appropriateness of the created product names. The goal of the research is to examine the manifestation of a brand’s patriotic position through the situational change of food product pragmatonyms, identify the factors that drive brands to rename their products and assess the appropriateness of packaging changes for a comprehensive impact of verbal and non-verbal components as elements of semiotic formation.
Keywords: communication, renaming, design, advertising law, pragmatonym.

UDC: 339.138:659.126’44

Situational communication of food brands

Antonova Olha, PhD (Social Communications), Associate Professor, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3213-8699.
Soloviova Yulia, PhD (Social Communications), Associate Professor, e-mail: e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9685-0541.
Fiedotova Nataliia, PhD (Philology), Associate Professor, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1338-2760.
Leleka Olha, assistant, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1120-0270.
National University of Food Technologies, Kyiv, Ukraine

Introduction. In the conditions of the full-scale invasion of the aggressor country on the territory of Ukraine, the advertising and PR communication of brands has undergone significant changes. One of the main adaptive changes in the communication discourse of brands has become situational communication – the ability to quickly react to events in the information environment and create relevant, viral content, in particular, through the product name and packaging design.
Relevance of research. In view of this, it is relevant to investigate the structure of the creation of situational pragmatonyms and point out the appropriateness of the created product name. The purpose of the article is to investigate the manifestations of the patriotic position of the brand through the situational change of pragmatonyms of food products, to single out the factors that encourage brands to rename products, and the feasibility of changing packaging for the complex impact of verbal and non-verbal components as elements of semiotic formation.
Research methods. During the research, general scientific methods and techniques of generalization, comparison, and systematization were involved, which were used to distinguish the changed pragmatonyms of food products during the period of the full-scale russian invasion.
The results. Changes in the pragmatonyms of food products as a reaction to the full-scale russian invasion were initiated by one brand within its products and supported by all manufacturers at the Ukrainian Research Institute of Standardization initiative. In view of the negative associations with the aggressor country, it was decided to abandon the name of standardized sausage products “Moscow sausage” and cheese “Russian cheese”, which have the recipe and appearance determined by DSTU. Brands independently chose the names for this type of sausage and cheese, mostly formed pragmatonyms fit into the lexical-semantic field of the concept “Ukraine”.
Conclusions. The situational change of the name of the product caused by the russian military aggression is one of the ways for the brand to demonstrate its patriotic position, support the Ukrainian military and distance itself from the symbols of the enemy country. However, we note that not all situational wartime pragmatonyms are appropriate, some brands speculate on the topic of war, which causes public outrage. Due to such trends, the product naming process should be regulated by law, which is now reflected in the draft law.
Keywords: situational communication, renaming, pragmatonym, advertising, design, law in advertising.

The article has been sent to the editors 22.06.2023
Recommended for publication 09.09.2023

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The article examines the problems of cross-cultural communications, which are determined by the globalization in the economy, culture, business, diplomacy, etc. since the middle of the last century. The information space, in the conditions of the information technologies development, is becoming more and more unpredictable, and the amount of disinformation and unverified information is increasing. That is a threat not only to the formation of an distorted reality perception, but also to the escalation of conflicts inside the country. Russia’s war against Ukraine has existential roots, deeply connected to historical narratives and cultural codes, so the importance of adequate coverage of events inside the country is becoming extremely important. Ukraine is a country with a multinational population, that has a lot of intercultural ties. Journalism, as a socially important profession, should report all processes in a multicultural, multinational environment, considering various aspects of cross-cultural interaction.
Keywords: journalism, communication, cross-cultural communications, intercultural sensitivity.

UDC [070.82 : 316.77] (477)

Cross-cultural communications in the digital age: relevance for the activities of journalists

Lashkina Mariia, PhD (Public Administration), Associate Professor, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8331-1853.
Khrystokin Hennadii, D.Sc. (Philosophical Sciences), Professor, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2663-3055.
Vasylchenko V’yacheslav, PhD (Philological Sciences), Associate Professor, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7470-2879.
National Aviation University, Kyiv, Ukraine.

Introduction. The article examines the problems of cross-cultural communications in the context of information technologies development and globalization, the influence of the media on the formation of moral and cultural systems in society. Journalism, as a socially important profession, should report all processes in a multicultural, multinational environment, considering cross-cultural interaction.
Relevance of the study. The relevance of the study of cross-cultural communications in journalism is determined by the intercultural information environment, the need to take into account the ethno-cultural and socio-political differences of other countries journalists’ work, that requires developing intercultural sensitivity.
The goal of the study is to consider the problems of cross-cultural communication from the point of view of journalistic activities in a transparent information environment. We need to: 1) analyze the main definitions and modern approaches to various aspects of cross-cultural interaction; 2) consider the influence of cross-cultural differences on psychological, political and social processes, on their reflection in the information space; 3) formulate the main directions of cross-cultural interaction for journalistic activities.
Methodology. The methods of comparative analysis of scientific sources, hermeneutic interpretation of terms and postulates, situational modeling, monitoring of publications in Ukrainian and foreign mass media made it possible to determine reference points of cross-cultural communications for the media, to model options for the activities of journalists after the war in an information-rich world.
Results. In the conditions of the development of technologies, the creation of various types of cross-media, and the popularity of social media, the role of journalistic activity is becoming more and more decisive. The development of society’s perception of the diversity, the formation of tolerance, and the understanding of the importance of multiculturalism and multilingualism for society depends on the reflection of cross-cultural differences, taking into account the theoretical background of such interaction.
Conclusions. For Ukrainian journalists, the problem of underestimating knowledge of cross-cultural communications is especially acute during the war and lies in several areas: coverage of events inside the country, based on compliance with journalistic standards; coverage of the events in Ukraine to an international audience that lives in another dimension, often cannot imagine the scale of the loss and grief of Ukrainians; activities of fixers to accompany journalists from other countries coming to cover events in Ukraine.
Keywords: journalism, communication, cross-cultural communications, intercultural sensitivity.

The article has been sent to the editors 03.05.2023
Recommended for publication 09.09.2023

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The article is dedicated to the methodological interaction of media and psychoanalysis. The methodological interplay of media and psychoanalysis is treated as a technology of communicative psychoanalysis, talking therapy, and face-to face intervie. It is noted that media technologies actualize the processes of cognition, self-understanding and revision of many categories that often fall into the focus of media interest – identity, symbol, archetype, stereotype, fear, anxiety, complex, problem, trauma. Techniques of interview, dialogue, conversation, discussion, public and anonymous speeches, free association, narratives about others, coverage of events by the ways of photo art, cinema, audio, video and text messages, radio, television, and the Internet ensure the identification of individual and group pain points.
Keywords: media, psychoanalysis, interaction, methods, techniques.

UDC 007: 616.89

Media and psychoanalysis: methodological interaction

Chernysh Anna, PhD (Philology), Senior Lecturer,
Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine, e-mail: [email protected].
ORCID – https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-7312.

Introduction. Various areas of media significantly effects on person in the 21st century, using numerous tools of communication and influence. There are quite a lot of media technologies that productively apply the theory and practice of psychoanalysis, its basic techniques, principles and tools, which proves the methodological interaction between media and psychoanalysis. The media sphere is an effective platform for successful discussion of many problems, which makes it closer to psychoanalysis as a theory of talk therapy, that is capable to free the human of unconscious, fears, anxieties, insecurities, and traumas.
Relevance of research. The relevance of the presented materials is determined by studying the possibilities of mass media to accumulate and transmit information, interpret it, create numerous focuses and visions of presenting events, influence the recipient of information by tools, methods, techniques and technologies productively used by psychoanalysis – discussion, transference, distancing, manipulation, trauma.
Results and discussion. A main condition that ensures the intraction between the socio-communication continuum and psychoanalysis is the presence of appropriate media material. The methods, techniques, and tools of psychoanalysis are quite appropriate to use in the process of analysis and interpretation of stereotypes, symbols, identification, categories of fear, anxiety, complex, death, justice, desire, destruction, deviation, pathology, addiction, trauma, which are widely expressed in various types of media – photography, cinema, audio, video and text messaging, radio, television, the Internet.
Conclusions and prospects. The media productively implement communication, various narratives, numerous forms of talking therapy (dialogue, polylogue, conversation, interview), discussion of socially significant problems, conflicts, individual, group, society, nation traumas, the interpretation of which is possible and expedient from the standpoint of the theory of psychoanalysis.
Keywords: media, psychoanalysis, interaction, methods, techniques.

The article has been sent to the editors 09.05.2023
Recommended for publication 09.09.2023

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